Carbohydrates 4 Flashcards
sugars that are readily oxidized because their oxidation causes other reacting molecules to be reduced
reducing sugars
test for reducing sugars is known as
Benedict’s test
sugars are mixed and heated with an alkaline solution containing Cu++
Benedict’s test
In Benedict’s test reducing sugars will donate an electron to Cu++ converting it to Cu+, which will produce ___________, as an orange precipitate
cuprous oxide (Cu2O)
Since Cu++ is blue, the change of color into _________ in Benedict’s test provides an easy visualization of a reducing sugar
Orange
The ________ of aldoses is very susceptible to oxidation whereas ketoses are less so
aldehyde group
Ketoses can be easily oxidized if they contain an ____________ and can tautomerize to an aldose
α-hydroxyl
True or False: Most monosaccharides are reducing sugars
True
What are some disaccharides that are reducing sugars?
lactose and maltose
What makes some disaccharides reducing sugars?
at least one anomeric carbon free
True or False: Sucrose has no anomeric carbons free
True
Phosphorylation of sugars occur routinely during __________
metabolism
one oxidation product of glucose that is a six carbon molecule where the CH2OH on carbon six is oxidized
glucuronic acid
The CH2OH on carbon six of glucuronic acid is oxidized to a ______________
carboxylic acid
Glucuronic acid is commonly conjugated to other molecules in the _________ by UDP-glucuronyltransferase enzymes
liver/bile
