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Biomol Lecture Finals > Nucleic Acids - Structure and Function > Flashcards

Nucleic Acids - Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

information molecules

A

DNA and RNA

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2
Q

hereditary information in every cell

A

DNA

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3
Q

Who discovered DNA?

A

Friedrich Miescher

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4
Q

Who identified DNA as the genetic material?

A

Oswald Avery
Colin MacLeod
Maclyn McCarty

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5
Q

Who combined X-ray diffraction work of Rosalind Franklin and observations of Erwin Chargaff to form a model of DNA?

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

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6
Q

adenine always pair with

A

thymine

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7
Q

guanine always paired with

A

cytosine

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8
Q

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between adenine and thymine?

A

two hydrogen bonds

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9
Q

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine?

A

three hydrogen bonds

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10
Q

If hydrogen bonds held the bases of each strand, what held the double helix?

A

hydrophobic interactions

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11
Q

polymer of nucleoside monophosphates held together by phosphodiester bonds

A

DNA strand

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12
Q

DNA strand is a polymer of nucleoside monophosphates held together by

A

phosphodiester bonds

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13
Q

In B-form, the DNA helix has a repeat of _____________ with sugars and phosphate forming the covalent phosphodiester backbone.

A

10.5 base pairs per turn

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14
Q

refers to the building blocks of both DNA and RNA

A

nucleotide

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15
Q

What are the three primary structural components

A

nitrogenous base
pentose sugar
at least one phosphate

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16
Q

molecules that contain only a sugar and a nitrogenous base (no phosphate)

A

nucleosides

17
Q

What are the nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids?

A

adenine and guanine (purines)
cytosine, uracil, thymine (pyrimidines)

18
Q

What are the two sugars found in nucleotides?

A

deoxyribose and ribose

19
Q

How does deoxyribose differ from ribose?

A

They differ at the 2’ position wherein ribose have an OH group while deoxyribose has H.

Biomol Lecture Finals (17 decks)

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