Carbohydrates 5

Question 1

compounds that stimulate taste receptors for sweetness but are metabolized for energy inefficiently at best

Answer 1

artificial sweeteners

Question 2

seven artificial sweeteners that are approved for use in US

Answer 2

stevia
aspartame
sucralose
neotame
acesulfame potassium
saccharin
advantame

Question 3

sugar alcohol that is sometimes used as an artificial sweetener

Answer 3

sorbitol

Question 4

most common dissacharides

Answer 4

sucrose
lactose
maltose

Question 5

sucrose is made up of

Answer 5

glucose and fructose

Question 6

lactose is made up of

Answer 6

galactose and glucose

Question 7

maltose is made up of

Answer 7

glucose and glucose

Question 8

all of the common disaccharides contain at least __________

Answer 8

one glycosidic bond

Question 9

How are disaccharides named?

Answer 9

which carbons are linked to each other
how anomeric carbon of glycosidic bond is configured

Question 10

comprised of few sugar residues

Answer 10

oligosaccharides

Question 11

True or False: oligosaccharides often but not always contain modified sugars

Answer 11

True

Question 12

True or False: Oligosaccharides are typically found attached to other cellular structures

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is made when oligosaccharides is bound to sphingolipids?

Answer 13

cerebrosides or gangliosides

Question 14

What is made when oligosaccharides is bound to proteins?

Answer 14

glycoproteins

Question 15

____________ in membrane protein play important roles in cellular identity/recognition

Answer 15

oligosaccharides

Question 16

The pattern of ______________ displayed on the extracellular face of the plasma membrane act as a sort of _______ that identifies specific cell types.

Answer 16

oligosaccharides; barcode

Question 17

True or False: Foreign oligosaccharides structures trigger immune system to attack them thus it can lead to problems such as rejection of donated organs.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

_______________ attached to protein may determine their cellular destinations

Answer 18

oligosaccharides

Question 19

True or False: Improper glycosylation or errors in subsequent sugar modification patterns can result in the success of proteins to reach the correct cellular compartment

Answer 19

False; failure of protein

Question 20

arises from a defective phosphotransferase in the Golgi apparatus

Answer 20

inclusion cell disease (I-cell disease)