Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 12 > Nucleic Acids > Flashcards

Nucleic Acids Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are nucleotides?

A

Linear, unbranched polymers that have repeating monomer units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Where are nucleic acids found within the body?

A

Everywhere but red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the molecular weight of nucleic acids?

A

25000 to over 50 billion amu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the monomer unit for nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nucleotides are composed of what three parts?

A

A five carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A five carbon sugar and a nitrogen base combined are called what?

A

A nucleoside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do the pentose molecules attach to their phosphate group, nitrogen base and the phosphate group of the nucleotide above

A

5’
1’
3’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Phosphates are bonded how?

A

Polar covalently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do phosphates bond to their pentose, of the pentose above

A

5’

3’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many phosphate groups can a nucleotide have?

A

Up to 3(tri)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ATP stands for what?

A

Adenosine triphosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What makes up a DNA backbone?

A

Pentoses and phosphate groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What makes up the rungs of the DNA ladder?

A

Nitrogen bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Purines are nitrogen bases with how many rings?

A

Two. Examples are adenine and guanine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pyrimidines are nitrogen bases with how many rings?

A

One ring. Examples are thymine, cytosine, uracil.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DNA is read by…

A

enzymes from 5’ to 3’

16
Q

James Watson and Francis Crick discovered what?

A

How nucleotides were arranged (1963)

17
Q

Rosalind Franklin discovered what?

A

Used x-ray crystallographer to find that the DNA molecule was a helix coil with a diameter of 2nm and made a complete spiral every 3.4 nm

18
Q

What did Erwin chargaff discover?

A

That the number of guanine units equals the number of cytosine units and the number of adenine units equals the number of thymine units. (Chargaffs rule)

19
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

46

20
Q

How many hydrogen bonds hold each pair of nitrogenous bases together

A

AT=2

CG=3 (first pairing from evolution)

21
Q

DNA exists in what medium?

A

Nucleoplasm

22
Q

What is a gene?

A

A section of DNA located on chromatin that codes for specific proteins. (Exon)

23
Q

The region before the gene is called what?

A

A promoter

24
Q

The region after the gene is called what?

A

Terminator

25
Q

Un coding DNA is called what

A

Intron

26
Q

How many genes in a human genome?

A

30 000

DNA in one nucleus is 2.5billion nucleotides long

27
Q

How many nucleotides to code for 1 amino acids

A

3

Biology 12 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions