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PBIO QUIZ > Nucleic Acid > Flashcards

Nucleic Acid Flashcards

1
Q

They are Polymers of individual nucleotide monomer

A

NUCLEIC ACIDS

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2
Q

Nucleic acids are found in two basic
structural forms ___________

A

DNA
RNA

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3
Q

It is found in nucleus and mitochondria

A

DNA

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4
Q

It is the storage and transfer of genetic information

A

DNA

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5
Q

It is found in nucleus and cytoplasm

A

RNA

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6
Q

It is for the synthesis of protein

A

RNA

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7
Q

Meaning of RNA

A

ribonucleic acid

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8
Q

Meaning of DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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9
Q

They are the fundamental components of nucleotides

A

Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
Pentose sugar

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10
Q

It Is named by changing the nitrogen base ending to

A

Nucleoside

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11
Q

Nitrogen base ending for purines

A

-osine

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12
Q

Nitrogen base ending for pyrimidines

A

-idine

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13
Q

Most common and abundant dna forms

A

B-DNA

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14
Q

It is the dehydrated B-DNA form

A

A-DNA

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15
Q

Left-Handed helical structure DNA form

A

Z-DNA

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16
Q

What are the steps in replication

A

Initiation - Unwinding of double helix
Priming
Elongation
Termination
Proofreading and correction

17
Q

What are the key enzymes in DNA replication

A

Helicase
Primase
DNA Polymerase
DNA Ligase

18
Q

Enzyme that Synthesizes an RNA primer

A

Primase

19
Q

Enzyme that Cleaves and unwinds short sections of DNA

A

Helicase

20
Q

Enzyme that Catalyzes the formation of phosphate bridges between nucleotides

A

DNA Ligase

21
Q

Enzyme that serves 3 different functions

A

DNA Polymerase

22
Q

It relaxes the supercoiling of the double-stranded DNA while being unwind by helicase
or RNA polymerase

A

Topoisomerases

23
Q

Phosphate is derived from what?

A

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)

24
Q

It is responsible for the ACIDIC nature of
nucleic acids

A

PHOSPHATE

25
Q

It is named using the name of the nucleoside followed by 5’-monophosphate.

A

NUCLEOTIDES

26
Q

It is the nucleic acid backbone

A

SUGAR-PHOSPHATE

27
Q

Founded the secondary structure of nucleic acids (model of DNA)

A

Watson and Crick

28
Q

Chemical structure only allows bases to
bind with specific other bases due to
chemical structure.

A

COMPLEMENTARITY

29
Q

In the chains, each end of the helix contains the
5’ end of one strand and the 3’ end of the other.

A

ANTIPARALLELISM

30
Q

Structure that has sequence of the nucleotide

A

Primary structure

31
Q

Structure with Helical Structure and Stabilized by H – bond

A

Secondary structure

32
Q

Structure that deals with Supercoiling

A

Tertiary Structure

33
Q

It is the process of denaturation

A

Melting

34
Q

RNA to DNA interaction (reverse)

A

Transcription

35
Q

RNA to Proteins interaction

A

Translation

36
Q

DNA to DNA

A

Replication

PBIO QUIZ (15 decks)

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