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PBIO QUIZ > Metabolism of Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Metabolism of Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Where does carbohydrate digestion begins

A

Mouth

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2
Q

It is a salivary enzymes

A

a-amylase

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3
Q

a-amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of ——– of starch and glycogen

A

a-glycosidic linkages

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4
Q

Iti s the product of the hydrolysis of a-glycosidic linkages of starch and glycogen

A

Maltose

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5
Q

Very little carbohydrates is digested in the ———

A

Stomach

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6
Q

There are no carbohydrate digestive enzymes found in the stonach (T/F)

A

True

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7
Q

Salivary enzymes gets ACTIVATED by stomach acidity (T/F)

A

False (Inactivated)

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8
Q

Enzyme that makes fibers palatable

A

a-amylase

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9
Q

It is the primary site of carbohydrate digestion

A

Small intestine

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10
Q

Where does the final step of carbohydrate digestion occur

A

Outer membranes of intestinal mucosal cells

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11
Q

Enzyme that hydrolyses maltose to glucose

A

Maltase

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12
Q

Enzyme that hydrolyses sucrose to glucose and fructose

A

Sucrase

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13
Q

Enzyme that hydrolyses lactose to glucose and galactose

A

Lactase

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14
Q

What are the carbohydrates that are absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal wall

A

Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

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15
Q

They are converted to products of glucose metabolism in the ________

A

Galactose
Fructose
Liver

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16
Q

Following absorption, monosaccharides are brought by the ________ to the ________

A

Portal vein
Liver

17
Q

Glucose may be transported to _______ or converted into ______ that is reserved in the _________

A

Tissues
Glycogen
Liver

18
Q

The glucose in the tissue may be: (3)

A
19
Q

Glucose in the tissue may be: (3)

A

Oxidized to ATP
Converted to fat
Converted to muscle oxygen

20
Q

Normal fasting lvl of glucose in the blood is _______

A

70-90 mg/100ml

21
Q

A condition that results in loweri g of blood-sugar level

A

Hypoglycemia

22
Q

A condition resulting in higher blood-sugar levels (120mg above)

A

Hyperglycemia

23
Q

It is the amount of glucose in the blood

A

Blood-Sugar Level

24
Q

What is thw renal threshold

A

160-170mg/100ml

25
Q

3 major hormones that control carbohydrate metabolism

A

Insulin
Glucagon
Epinephrine

26
Q

Hormone that lowers blood glucose by formation of glycogen (glycogen synthesis)

A

Insulin

27
Q

Moa of insulin

A

Insulin binding to protein receptors on the outer surface of cells, that facilitates the entry of glucose

28
Q

Other terms for insulin

A

Postprandial hormone
After Meal hormone

29
Q

Characteristics of Insulin

A

51 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the pancreas
Promotes the utilization of glucose cells
Triggered by high blood-glucose levels

30
Q

It is also known as the Starvation/ Fasting Hormone

A

Glucagon

31
Q

Characteristics of Glucagon

A

29 Amino acid peptide produced by the pancreas
when blood-glucose lvl is low

PBIO QUIZ (15 decks)

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