Metabolism of Carbohydrates

Question 1

Where does carbohydrate digestion begins

Answer 1

Mouth

Question 2

It is a salivary enzymes

Answer 2

a-amylase

Question 3

a-amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of ——– of starch and glycogen

Answer 3

a-glycosidic linkages

Question 4

Iti s the product of the hydrolysis of a-glycosidic linkages of starch and glycogen

Answer 4

Maltose

Question 5

Very little carbohydrates is digested in the ———

Answer 5

Stomach

Question 6

There are no carbohydrate digestive enzymes found in the stonach (T/F)

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Salivary enzymes gets ACTIVATED by stomach acidity (T/F)

Answer 7

False (Inactivated)

Question 8

Enzyme that makes fibers palatable

Answer 8

a-amylase

Question 9

It is the primary site of carbohydrate digestion

Answer 9

Small intestine

Question 10

Where does the final step of carbohydrate digestion occur

Answer 10

Outer membranes of intestinal mucosal cells

Question 11

Enzyme that hydrolyses maltose to glucose

Answer 11

Maltase

Question 12

Enzyme that hydrolyses sucrose to glucose and fructose

Answer 12

Sucrase

Question 13

Enzyme that hydrolyses lactose to glucose and galactose

Answer 13

Lactase

Question 14

What are the carbohydrates that are absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal wall

Answer 14

Glucose
Galactose
Fructose

Question 15

They are converted to products of glucose metabolism in the ________

Answer 15

Galactose
Fructose
Liver

Question 16

Following absorption, monosaccharides are brought by the ________ to the ________

Answer 16

Portal vein
Liver

Question 17

Glucose may be transported to _______ or converted into ______ that is reserved in the _________

Answer 17

Tissues
Glycogen
Liver

Question 18

The glucose in the tissue may be: (3)

Question 19

Glucose in the tissue may be: (3)

Answer 19

Oxidized to ATP
Converted to fat
Converted to muscle oxygen

Question 20

Normal fasting lvl of glucose in the blood is _______

Answer 20

70-90 mg/100ml

Question 21

A condition that results in loweri g of blood-sugar level

Answer 21

Hypoglycemia

Question 22

A condition resulting in higher blood-sugar levels (120mg above)

Answer 22

Hyperglycemia

Question 23

It is the amount of glucose in the blood

Answer 23

Blood-Sugar Level

Question 24

What is thw renal threshold

Answer 24

160-170mg/100ml

Question 25

3 major hormones that control carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 25

Insulin Glucagon Epinephrine

Question 26

Hormone that lowers blood glucose by formation of glycogen (glycogen synthesis)

Answer 26

Insulin

Question 27

Moa of insulin

Answer 27

Insulin binding to protein receptors on the outer surface of cells, that facilitates the entry of glucose

Question 28

Other terms for insulin

Answer 28

Postprandial hormone After Meal hormone

Question 29

Characteristics of Insulin

Answer 29

51 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the pancreas Promotes the utilization of glucose cells Triggered by high blood-glucose levels

Question 30

It is also known as the Starvation/ Fasting Hormone

Answer 30

Glucagon

Question 31

Characteristics of Glucagon

Answer 31

29 Amino acid peptide produced by the pancreas when blood-glucose lvl is low