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NREMT 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

palmar

A

palm

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2
Q

palmar grasp reflex

A

infant grasp reflex

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3
Q

palpate

A

touch exam

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4
Q

pancreas

A

flat, solid organ; source of digestive enzymes

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5
Q

paradoxical motion

A

opposite of normal chest wall motion during flail chest

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6
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

vegetative functions

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7
Q

parenteral meds

A

meds that enters body by means other than digestive, skin or mucous membranes

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8
Q

parietal bones

A

between temporal and occipital cranium

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9
Q

parietal pleura

A

chest cavity membrane

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10
Q

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

forced to sit up to breathe

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11
Q

partial pressure

A

gas in air

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12
Q

partial thickness burns

A

burn of the epidermis and some dermis but not subcutaneous issue

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13
Q

passive ventilation

A

air moving in-out during chest compressions

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14
Q

Pediatric Assessment Triangle / PAT

A

assessment tool for infants without touching

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15
Q

patella

A

kneecap

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16
Q

patent

A

clear

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17
Q

pathogen

A

microorganism capable of causing disease

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18
Q

pathophysiology

A

study of normal functions being affected by disease

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19
Q

Peak

A

maximum effect of drug period

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20
Q

pectoral girdle

A

supporting structure of arm s

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21
Q

pelvic binder

A

splint; reduce hemorrhage;

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22
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / PID

A

infection of fallopian tubes and surrounding tissues

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23
Q

peptic ulcer disease

A

abrasion of stomach or intestine

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24
Q

per os

A

through mouth; oral

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25
Q

per rectum

A

medication through rectum

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26
Q

perfusion

A

flow of blood through vessels and tissues

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27
Q

pericardial effusion

A

collection of fluid between pericardial sac and myocardium

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28
Q

pericardial tamponade

A

compression of heart due to fluid in the pericardial sac leading to decreased cardiac output

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29
Q

pericardium

A

heart sac

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30
Q

perineum

A

skin between vagina and anus

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31
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Sensory, motor and connecting nerves

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32
Q

peristalsis

A

tubular organs propel contents

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33
Q

peritoneal cavity

A

abdominal cavity

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34
Q

peritoneum

A

lining covering abdominal organs

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35
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

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36
Q

persistency

A

how long a chemical agent stays on surface before evaporation

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37
Q

pertinent negatives

A

negative findings that warrant no care

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38
Q

pertussis

A

whooping cough

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39
Q

phalanges

A

bones of fingers and toes

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40
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

how medications work in the body

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41
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

how medications are absorbed, distributed, changed and eliminated

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42
Q

PHI

A

pertinent medical info

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43
Q

phosgene

A

pulmonary agent that is a product of combustion, delayed symptom onset

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44
Q

phosgene oxime

A

blistering agent

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45
Q

phrenic nerves

A

nerves for moving diaphragm

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46
Q

physiology

A

study or normal functions

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47
Q

pinna

A

visible part of ear

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48
Q

placenta previa

A

placenta develops and covers cervix

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49
Q

plantar

A

bottom of foot

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50
Q

pleural effusion

A

collection of fluid between lungs, may compress the lungs

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51
Q

pleuritic chest pain

A

sharp pain on breathing in

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52
Q

pneumothorax

A

accumulation of air or gas in pleural cavity

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53
Q

pleural cavity

A

interior of chest

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54
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

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55
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive eating

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56
Q

polypharmacy

A

multiple regular meds

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57
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urine

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58
Q

pons

A

sleep

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59
Q

positional asphyxia

A

restriction of chest wall movements, deadly, can be an obstruction

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60
Q

postconventional reasoning

A

reason based on conscience

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61
Q

posterior tibial artery

A

blood to feet

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62
Q

postictal state

A

period that follows a seizure, 5-30 mins, labored breathing and altered mental status

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63
Q

posttraumatic amnesia

A

inability to remember events after an injury

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64
Q

preconventional reasoning

A

reasoning based on getting what he/she wants

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65
Q

preeclampsia

A

pregnancy complication

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66
Q

preload

A

precontraction pressure as blood volume builds up

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67
Q

preoxygenation

A

providing oxygen in combination with ventilation

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68
Q

presbycusis

A

hearing loss at old age

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69
Q

preschool

A

3-6yr old

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70
Q

primigravida

A

first pregnancy

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71
Q

prolapse of umbilical cord

A

cord comes out before child

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72
Q

proximate causation

A

abuse of power/duty

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73
Q

psychogenic shock

A

fainting, sudden loss of blood loss to brain

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74
Q

pulmonary artery

A

carries oxy poor blood; heart->lungs

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75
Q

pulmonary edema

A

buildup of fluid in lungs

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76
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

clot from large vein that travels to heart

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77
Q

putrefaction

A

decomposing of body tissues

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78
Q

quadrants

A

sections of the abdominal cavity

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79
Q

quaternary blast injury

A

blast injury

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80
Q

raccoon eyes

A

bruising under eyes, indicating skull fracture

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81
Q

radial artery

A

wrist artery

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82
Q

rapport

A

trusting relationship

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83
Q

Reticular Activating Syndrome / RAS

A

upper brainstem; controls arousal

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84
Q

Radiological Dispersal device

A

common

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85
Q

recovery position

A

side lying; maintains a clear airway

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86
Q

reduce

A

to set a joint

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87
Q

referred pain

A

pain in area other than pain location

88
Q

renal pelvis

A

cone; collects urine; funnells to ureter

89
Q

res ipsa loquitur

A

EMS / EMT is liable for injury

90
Q

residual volume

A

air that remains after maximal expiration

91
Q

respiration

A

process of exchanging o2 and co2

92
Q

respiratory compromise

A

inability to move gas effectively

93
Q

Respiratory Syncytial virus / RSV

A

infection of lungs and breath passages; contagious through droplets

94
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

cant remember before head injury

95
Q

retropariteneal

A

behind peritoneal cavity

96
Q

return of spontaneous circulation / ROSC

A

return of pulse and flow after cardiac arrest

97
Q

reverse triage

A

multiple lightning strike victims

98
Q

Revised Trauma Score

A

scoring head trauma

99
Q

rhonchi

A

coarse, low breaths with mucus

100
Q

rigor mortis

A

stiffness of body, definite sign of death

101
Q

rooting reflex

A

infant moves towards cheek tough

102
Q

rule of 9’s

A

assigns percentages of body for burns

103
Q

sacroilliac joint

A

pelvis and vertebrae connection

104
Q

sacrum

A

one of 3 bones in pelvic ring

105
Q

Special Atomic Demolition Munitions / SADM

A

suitcase nuclear weapon

106
Q

saggital plane

A

left and right

107
Q

SAMPLE

A

signs/symptoms, allergies, medication, pert. med. history, last oral intake, events leading to injury

108
Q

scald burn

A

hot liquid burn

109
Q

schizophrenia

A

delusions, hallucinations, lack of interest in pleasure and erratic speech

110
Q

school age

A

6-12yr old

111
Q

sciatic nerve

A

most of leg and foot

112
Q

sclera

A

white portion of eye

113
Q

scope of practice

A

state law outline

114
Q

sebaceous glands

A

produce sebum, along shafts of hair

115
Q

second degree burns

A

epidermis and some dermis but not subcutaneous tissue

116
Q

seminal vescicles

A

sperm sac

117
Q

sensorineural deafness

A

perm. hearing loss due to injury

118
Q

septic shock

A

shock by severe infection; usually bacterial

119
Q

shallow respirations

A

low tidal volume breathing

120
Q

shock

A

condition which the circulatory system fails to maintain function; hypoperfusion

121
Q

shunts

A

tubes that drain

122
Q

simple pneumothorax

A

no drastic vital change

123
Q

skeletal muscle

A

muscle attached to bones; sirrated or voluntary muscle

124
Q

SL

A

under the tounge; medication

125
Q

somatic nervous system

A

regulates voluntary control

126
Q

sphincters

A

muscles that contract/constrict a duct

127
Q

spina bifida

A

spinal cord or mengies protrudes

128
Q

spontaneous pneumothorax

A

rupture causing air to leak into pleural space

129
Q

spontaneous respirations

A

non assisted respiratons

130
Q

sprain

A

damage to ligaments

131
Q

standard of care

A

written levels of expected care

132
Q

START Triage

A

simple trage and rapid treatment ( walk? Resp? hemodynamic status (pumping heart/circulation)? neurologic ?

133
Q

status epilepticus

A

seizures recur every few minutes or last longer than 30 min s

134
Q

statute of limitations

A

time on which a legal case must be commenced

135
Q

sterilization

A

removed microbial contamination

136
Q

sternocleidomastoid muscles

A

allow head movement

137
Q

stoma

A

opening leading to an organ

138
Q

stratum corneum

A

outermost layer of skin

139
Q

stridor

A

harsh, high pitched respiratory sounds by partial blockage

140
Q

subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

bleeding into the space where CSF circulates

141
Q

subcutaneous tissues

A

directly under dermis

142
Q

subdural hematoma

A

blood beneath dura matter

143
Q

sublingual

A

medication delivery under tounge

144
Q

superior vena cava

A

carries blood to the upper extremities

145
Q

supine hypotensive syndrome

A

low blood pressue from a pregnant female’s inferior vena cava compression when supine

146
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight or flight

147
Q

symphyses

A

joints that grow toghether for a stable connection

148
Q

syptomatic hyperglycemia

A

unconcious from ketoacidosis, dehydration due to polyuria, hyperglycemia

149
Q

syncope

A

fainting

150
Q

syndromic surveillance

A

monitoring by local or state departments

151
Q

synovial fluid

A

joint lubrication

152
Q

synovial membrane

A

secretes synovial fluid into joint space

153
Q

systemic circulation

A

system outside of heart and lungs

154
Q

systemic vascular resistance

A

force the blood needs to overcome to move

155
Q

systole

A

contraction of heart

156
Q

systolic pressure

A

increased pressure with each contraction (systole)

157
Q

tachycardia

A

rapid heartrate, 100+/bpm

158
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid respirations

159
Q

tarsals

A

foot bones

160
Q

Tuberculosis / TB

A

chronic lung bacterial infection

161
Q

temporal bones

A

temples

162
Q

temporomandibular joint

A

where mandible and cranium meet

163
Q

tension pneumothorax

A

air/gas in pleural cavity causing pressue on chest and interferes with cardiac function

164
Q

third-degree burns

A

epidermis, dermins and subceutaneous are burnt

165
Q

thorax

A

chest

166
Q

thromboembolism

A

floating blood clot

167
Q

thrombophilia

A

abnormality in coagulation

168
Q

thrombosis

A

blood clot

169
Q

thrombo-

A

relating to blood clotting

170
Q

Transient ischemic attack /TIA

A

brain disorder; brain cells temporarily stop functioning due to insufficient oxy; strokelike; resolves in 24hrs of onset

171
Q

tibia

A

shinbone

172
Q

tidal volume

A

one breath air ammoutn

173
Q

toddler

A

1-3yr old

174
Q

tolerance

A

need for increasing ammoutn of meds to get same effect

175
Q

tonic-clonic seizre

A

twitching of all body muscles; grand mal seizure

176
Q

traction

A

longitudinal force

177
Q

tragus

A

bulge anterior to ear canal

178
Q

transcutaneous

A

through the skin; medication delivery route

179
Q

transverse

A

top and bottom plane

180
Q

trauma score

A

GCS, 1-16, relates to likelyhood of patient survival

181
Q

traumatic asphyxia

A

blood back into the head and neck

182
Q

tunica media

A

middle and thickest layer of blood vessels

183
Q

turbinates

A

layers of bone in nasal cavity

184
Q

turgor

A

pinch skin; skin resist deformation

185
Q

two-to-three word dyspnea

A

2-3 words and needing a breath

186
Q

typanic membrane

A

eardrum

187
Q

type 1 diabetic

A

autoimmune; cant produce insulin

188
Q

type 2 diabetic

A

insulin resistance is present

189
Q

umbilicus

A

belly button

190
Q

untoward effect

A

actions harmful to patients

191
Q

uremia

A

kidney failure resulting in waste in blood; impaired brain functions

192
Q

ureter

A

tube, kidneys to bladder

193
Q

urostomy

A

stoma to bladder

194
Q

urticaria

A

hives

195
Q

vancomycin-resistant enterococci

A

bacteria in female repro tract

196
Q

vascoconstriction

A

narrowing of blood vessels

197
Q

vasoocclusive crisis

A

ischemia and pain caused by sickle shaped RBC’s

198
Q

veins

A

blood from tissues to heart

199
Q

ventral

A

anterior

200
Q

ventricle

A

lower chambers of heart

201
Q

ventricular fibrillation (V-FIB)

A

quivering of the ventricles

202
Q

ventricuclar tachycardia (V-TAC)

A

rapid heart rythem where electrical is in the ventricle

203
Q

venules

A

small thin walled blood vessels

204
Q

vernix caseosa

A

white, cheesey that covers fetus

205
Q

verebreal column

A

spine, 33 vertebrae

206
Q

vertex presentation

A

baby head first

207
Q

vesicular breath sounds

A

normal breath

208
Q

viral hemorrhagic fevers

A

virus that causes blood to seep out of tissue and vessles

209
Q

virulence

A

strength of a pathogen

210
Q

visceral pleura

A

membrane that covers lungs

211
Q

vital capacity

A

air expelled after max breath

212
Q

volatility

A

how long chem stays on surface before evap

213
Q

V/Q Ratio

A

how much gas is being moved effiently and how much blood is flowing

214
Q

wheal

A

bite; risen skin

215
Q

Xiphoid Proccess

A

tip of sternum

216
Q

zygomas

A

cheeckbones

NREMT (23 decks)

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