NP1E

Question 1

Where are neuron cell bodies located?

Answer 1

Grey matter

Question 2

When does the grey color emerge?

Answer 2

it emerges after formalin fixation

Question 3

Where is grey matter located in the forebrain?

Answer 3

grey matter is on the outer surface (cortex) or in discrete areas within the tissue known as nuclei

Question 4

Axons coming to or leaving grey matter are bundled to form __________ tracts

Answer 4

White matter

Question 5

Why are the tracts white?

Answer 5

Because of the low density of blood vessels and the high fat content of myelin

Question 6

List what is seen in grey matter, cerebral cortex

Answer 6

Neurons
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes

Question 7

1. the cytoplasm is visible, with blue Nissl substance
2. there is significant variation in cell size that is a function of axon length
3. nuclei are large, round with a prominent nucleolus
4. dendrites and axons can be appreciated when sections are made very thick, and silver stains are used to define neuronal structure

Answer 7

Neurons

Question 8

1. the cytoplasm and projections are not visible (lost in the neuropil)
2. Nuclei are the largest of the glia and tend to be round with a dispersed chromatin pattern

Answer 8

Astrocytes

Question 9

1. cannot be distinguished from resting microglia with H&E stained sections
2. are located in the GM, although the density is much higher in the WM
3. the cytoplasm and processes are not visible (lost in the neuropil)
4. Nuclei are small, round and hyper chromatic . Nuclei will sometimes be located adjacent to neuronal cell bodies, this location being more unique to oligodendroglia compared to microglia

Answer 9

Oligodrendrocytes

Question 10

What is the predominant cell type in WM?

Answer 10

Oligodrendroglia

Question 11

White matter, cerebral cortex

Answer 11

Oligodendroglia
microglia
astrocytes
Axons become visible if they have myelin sheath

Question 12

This organization is unique in that it has a molecular layer consisting primarily of dendrites of large Purkinje cell neurons as they receive axons from other regions. Cell nuclei in the molecular layer are those of oligodendrocytes, microglia and astrocytes. Beneath the Purkinje cell layer are very small densely packed granular cell neurons (forming the internal granular cell layer). At the core is white matter, as with the cerebral cortex

Answer 12

Cerebellar cortex

Question 13

Grey Matter is organized into:

Answer 13

1. ventral horn
2. lateral horn
3. dorsal horn

Question 14

ventral horn is home to:

Answer 14

motor neuron cell bodies

Question 15

lateral horn is home to:

Answer 15

neuron cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 16

dorsal horn is home to:

Answer 16

neurons that receive somatosensory (denoting a sensation) information from the body

Question 17

__________ tracts in the ventral and lateral aspects (termed funiculi) are descending fron the forebrain or more rostral aspects of the spinal cord. _________ tracts in the dorsal and lateral funiculi are ascending

Answer 17

White Matter

Question 18

A ___________ nerve root emerges from motor neurons of the ventral horn

Answer 18

ventral spinal

Question 19

the dorsal horn receives axons from the neuron cell bodies in the ___________ ganglia

Answer 19

dorsal root

Question 20

Term used for groups of neuron cell bodies in the periphery

Answer 20

Ganglia

Question 21

Who are responsible for myelinating the roots, highlighting the distinctive appearance of central and peripheral myelin sheaths?

Answer 21

Schwann cells

Question 22

Sympathetic neurons
Parasympathetic neurons

Answer 22

Autonomic system

Question 23

connective tissue separating axons and their Schwann cells is called ___________

Answer 23

endoneurium

Question 24

a surgeon manipulates a nerve by grabbing the _________ and the fat within to prevent axons from being crushed

Answer 24

epineurium

Question 25

You are performing a gross post mortem examination, and you see pathological changes localized to grey matter. How do you interpret this change?

Answer 25

The disease is targeting neurons

Astrocytes and Oligodendricytes not visible

Question 26

You are performing a gross post mortem examination, and you see pathological changes localized to white matter. How do you interpret this change?

Answer 26

the disease is targeting oligodendrocytes