Notes Topic 2 (chat.7) pt. 2 Flashcards
What is “in situ hybridization”
When cells are dividing, our DNA makes extra copies by the mRNA strand that copies the information and transfers to another strand by attaching to it
What is Ablation?
a surgical removal of brain tissue, but is not as precise.
What is Lesioning
Surgical damaging to brain tissue that is more precise and “irreversible”
What is Compensation/Neuroplasticity of the brain?
the flexibility of the brain, the modification of behaviour after damage is done (repairing itself)
What is a Stereotaxic Instrument?
A device that allows precise positioning of a probe (electrical current) in the brain.
What is a Stereotaxic Atlas
a map of where all of the structures are in a persons brain
What is Direct electrical stimulation?
activating an area in the brain, or interrupting existing activity by turning it off/on
What is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
implanting electrodes into a target area and stimulating that area with a low-voltage electrical current (can be sued to treat mental disorders)
What is a “Chemical Stimulation via cannulation” do
it directly induces drugs, neurotransmitters in the brain by a straw
What is Microdialysis
putting things in the brain (liquid) but taking out the liquid that’s already in there first (taking something out to put something in)
What are “Optogenetic techniques”
Inserting light sensitive protein channels into neurons so that light activates that selected neuron. (you can control it)
How does the technique “CRISPR-Cas9” allow us to to make a protein?
It allows us to cut into the DNA of cells of interest, so we can then remove things or add things
What is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
A technique that uses a magnet coil to induce a voltage in the brain
How does “Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation” help with depression and anxiety?
Depression: it can increase brain activity
Anxiety: it can lower brain activity
