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North America Flashcards

1
Q

Discuss the first planting of Pinot Noir in Oregon

A

1961, Richard Sumner plants the Hillcrest vineyard in the Umpqua Valley to Pinot Noir

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2
Q

Oregon’s southernmost wine growing region? Is it Oregon’s warmest? Highest?

A

a) Rogue Valley
b) Yes
c) Yes

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3
Q

In which state did the glacial Lake Missoula form?

A

Montana

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4
Q

Describe the common soil composition of WA as a result of the Missoula floods

A

Basalt bedrock buried by the floods, covered by flood-deposited sedimentary layers, w/ sandy loess topsoils; very fertile soils necessary in such climates

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5
Q

Explain dual trunk training

A

Growers train two separate trunks on the same vine in parallel just an inch or two apart from the ground up. Channels winter damage to just one of the trunks allowing the bine to survive

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6
Q

In qhich AVA’s were Lett and Coury’s first pinot plantings, respectively?

A

a) Lett - 1966 Dundee Hills

b) Coury - 1965 Chehalen Mountains

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7
Q

What is Washington State’s largest winery? What % of production is it accountable for?

A

a) Chateau Ste. Michelle

b) 60%

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8
Q

This grape is the focus of the Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley?

A

Riesling

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9
Q

What is unique to the Lake Chelan AVA? What is grown there?

A

a) The only Columbia Valley AVA found outside the impacted area of the Missoula floods
b) Pinot Noir and RIesling

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10
Q

This winery is the world’s largest producer of Riesling?

A

Chateau Ste. Michelle

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11
Q

At which parallel do all of WA’s central and eastern wine regions fall at or above?

A

46th

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12
Q

Three reasons why phylloxera is incredibly uncommon in Washington?

A

1) Pests can’t survive frigid winters
2) Inhospitable sandy soils
3) Great physical distances between vineyards

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13
Q

The climate event largely responsible for the formation of the Willamette Valley’s soil makeup?

A

Missoula Floods

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14
Q

The geographical feature provides the Columbia Basin with its even shadow?

A

Cascade Mountains

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15
Q

Willamette’s smallest AVA? Found where?

A

a) Ribbon Ridge AVA

b) Contained within the Chehalen Mountains AVA

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16
Q

This gap in the Coastal Range dramatically effects the WIllamette’s climate?

A

Van Duzer Corrider

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17
Q

Five significant vineyards in the Eola-Amity Hils and winery that sources from them?

A

a) Steven Springs - Evening Land
b) Jerusalem Hill - Serene
c) Temperance - Walter Scott
d) Justice - Bethel Heights
e) Freedom Hill - Ken Wright/ St. Innocent

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18
Q

Oregons first planting of Pinot Gris?

A

David Lett’s 1966 planting

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19
Q

This AVA is the heart of Idaho wine productions? Given AVA status in what year?

A

a) Snake River AVA

b) 2007

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20
Q

This is where you would find the majority of WA wineries east of the Cascades?

A

Columbia Basin (watershed of the Columbia RIver)

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21
Q

Oregon’s first Chardonnay planting?

A

David Jett’s in 1965

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22
Q

These two regions form the Southern Oregon AVA?

A

a) Umpqua Valley

b) Rogue Valley

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23
Q

The 2 successful white grapes of the Columbia Gorge?

A

a) Chardonnay

b) Gewurztramimer

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24
Q

This influential collection of vitners formed in Washington in 1962? What did they go on to create?

A

a) Associated Vitners

b) Columbia WInery

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25
Q

Where is the flood river valley found?

A

Columbia Gorge AVA

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26
Q

The most important vineyard in the Horse Heaven Hills? 2 producers that source from it?

A

a) Champoux Vineyard (1972)

b) Quicelda Creek and Andrew Will

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27
Q

Where does Washington rank in terms of vinifern production in the US?

A

2nd

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28
Q

In 2013, approximately how many wineries were found in Washington?

A

850

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29
Q

Known as the father of Washington wine?

A

Dr. Walter Clore

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30
Q

This climate factor reduces fungal pressure in the damp Columbia Gorge?

A

High winds

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31
Q

This was the grape that first gained national recognition for Washington?

A

Reisling

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32
Q

This winery was responsible for thrusting WA into the spotlight for merlot? When?

A

a) Leonetti

b) Early 1990’s

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33
Q

The Dijon clones arrived in Willamette in this year? By whose order? Name all five?

A

a) 1984
b) David Adelsheim
c) 113, 114, 115, 667, 777

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34
Q

Is chaptelization legal in OR?

A

Yes

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35
Q

Behind Jete and Coury, these were 3 highly influential vegners in the Willamette Valley in the late 60’s, early 70’s?

A

a) Dick Erath - 1969
b) Dick Ponzi - 1970
c) David Adelsheim - 1972

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36
Q

The year Drouhin came to Oregon?

A

1987

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37
Q

This was the wine that brought attention to Oregon after strong finishes in Paris (‘79) and Beaune (‘80)?

A

David Lett’s Eyrie “South Block” 1975

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38
Q

These two geologic forces are responsible for shaping the bedrock found in the Columbia Basin?

A

a) Volcanic eruptions (17-6 mil years ago)

b) Missoula Floods (18-12,000 years ago)

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39
Q

The folded, uplifted bedrock of the Columbia Basin creates this climatic phenomenon encouraging grape-growing at altitude?

A

Temperature inversions

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40
Q

These two were the first to plant Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley?

A

a) David Jett

b) Charles Coury

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41
Q

The year the Willemette Valley gained AVA status?

A

1983

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42
Q

How many AVAs are found in Oregon?

A

18

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43
Q

Rough percentage of total output that Pinot Noir accounts for in Oregon?

A

60%

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44
Q

Two severe vineyard threats in Willamette?

A

a) Bird Pressure - valley is on a highly populated migratory path
b) Phylloxera - arrived in 1990, most vineyards are own-rooted and not resistant

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45
Q

Prominent soil type of the Dundee Hills? Three significant vineyards?

A

a) Jory soils (volcanic w/ clay)

b) Abbey Ridge (Cameron); Thomas Vineyard (Thomas); Maresh (Arterbury Maresh); South Block at Eyrie

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46
Q

Yamhill-Carltons sole soil type? Its most important vineyard?

A

a) Marine sediment

b) Shea Vineyard

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47
Q

This AVA sits on the highest elevation of the Willamette Valley?

A

Chehalem Mountains AVA

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48
Q

These two cities mark the northern and southern border of the Willamette Valley?

A

a) Portland

b) Eugene

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49
Q

Oregon’s largest producing winery?

A

King Estate (Willamette Valley) - extension to include their vineyards was granted in 2016

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50
Q

Name the two Washington AVAs found outside the Columbia Valley?

A

a) Columbia Gorge

b) Puget Sound

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51
Q

Where would you find some of Washington’s only non-dry-farmed vineyards?

A

Columbia Gorge

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52
Q

This farming process is necessary in Washington’s eastern and climate?

A

Irrigation

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53
Q

In Washington State:

  • 3 most planted white varieties
  • 3 most planted red
A

a) Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Gris

b) Cabernet, Merlot, Syrah

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54
Q

The four major soil types of the valley, their compositions, and prominent example?

A

a) Uplifted marine sediment: sandstone and slate from the ocean floor; Willakenzie
b) Volcanic soils: basalt with high clay composition; Jory
c) Loess: glacier deposited reddish silt soils; Laurelwood
d) Missoula flood deposits: low lying, deep fertile soils; Woodburn

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55
Q

The following wineries were founded during which year? By who?

a) Amity Vineyards
b) Elk Cove
c) Bethel Heights
d) Cameron
e) Panther Creek
f) Thomas

A

a) Amity Vineyards - Myron Redford 1970 (first in Eola-Amity)
b) Elk Cove - Campbell family 1974
c) Bethel Heights - Casteel family 1977
d) Cameron - John Paul 1984
e) Panther Creek - Ken Wright 1986
f) Thomas - John Thomas 1984

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56
Q

What/where is Harrison Hill?

A

Cabernet block planted in 1963 found in the Upland vineyard on Snipes Mountain

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57
Q

The two subregions contained within the Umpqua Valley?

A

a) Elkton Oregon AVA

b) Red Hill Douglas County AVA

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58
Q

This conglomerate of two post-production Pugeot Sound wineries went on to form? Aided by?

A

a) Chateau Ste. Michelle

b) Andre Tchelistcheff

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59
Q

The Columbia Gorge’s best site? Planted when? Sourced by who?

A

a) Celilo
b) 1972 (Underwood Mountain)
c) Woodward Canyon Ken Wright

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60
Q

Puget Sound’s irst commercial vineyard was planted by? In what year? To what variety?

A

a) Lambert Evans
b) 1872
c) Island Belle (block labruseo hybrid)

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61
Q

This Walla Walla organization was found in 2004 to promote healthy, sustainable vineyard practices?

A

Venea - “the Winegrowers Sustainable Trust”

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62
Q

What is Washington’s driest AVA? What is grown there?

A

a) Wahluke Slope

b) Cabernet, Merlot, Syrah

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63
Q

Two of the Wahluke Slope’s most important vineyards?

A

a) Weinlau (Sagemoor group)

b) Milbrandt

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64
Q

William Bridgman planted this grape in this space in the 1910s?

A

a) Muscat

b) Snipes Mountain

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65
Q

Name 5 notable producers in Walla Walla?

A

a) Woodward Canyon
b) Leonette
c) Waters
d) Figgins
e) Gramercy

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66
Q

Infamous winemaker at Chateau Ste. Michelle from the late 70’s to late 90’s?

A

Bob Betz

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67
Q

This is the oldest parcel of Cab Sauv planted in Yakima? In this year?

A

a) Otis Vineyard

b) 1957

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68
Q

When and where was Syrah first planted in Washington?

A

a) Red Willow Vineyard (Yakima Valley)

b) 1986

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69
Q

Three celebrated producers of Red Mountain?

A

a) Hedges
b) Col Solare (Antinori and Chateau St. Michelle)
c) Upchurch Vineyards

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70
Q

Three significant vineyards in Rattlesnake Hills?

A

a) Morrison; planted to Cabernet and Riesling in 1968 (last verifera planting)
b) Dubrul (Cote Bonneville)
c) Two Blondes (Andrew Will)

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71
Q

This was Washington’s second AVA? Founded in?

A

a) Walla Walla Valley

b) 1984

72
Q

What was significant about 1977 in the Walla Walla Valley?

A

a) Gary Figgins founded Leonetti Cellars

b) Paul Small planted a parcel of chardonnay; the foundation of Woodward Canyon

73
Q

Four vineyard tactics in Washington used to protect vines from lethal frosts?

A

a) Planting at higher elevations
b) Dual-trunk training
c) Burying cones
d) Post-harvest irrigation

74
Q

Washington’s first vineyard was planted in? And by who?

A

a) 1825

b) Fur traders at Fort Vancouver - British Hudson Bay Company

75
Q

Describe the progression of production in Washington?

A

1909 - Local options prohibition appeared
1914 - State prohibits sale and manufacturing of alcohol
1920 - Nationwide prohibition sets in

76
Q

This is Washington’s warmest AVA?

A

Red Mountain

77
Q

Cayuse was bottled in _____ by ______?

A

a) 1997

b) Christopher Baron

78
Q

Three sub-AVA’s centered within the Yakima Valley?

A

a) Rattlesnake Mountain
b) Snipes Mountain
c) Red Mountain

79
Q

Cayuse gave birth to this AVA in 2015? What is significant about the region?

A

a) Rocks of Melton Freewater

b) located entirely within Oregon, riverstone soil composition resembles galets of Southern Rhone

80
Q

The first planting of vinefern in the Columbia Gorge?

A

Walter Clore’s 1968 planting of Pinot Noir (Atavus vineyard)

81
Q

The Columbia Valley gained AVA status in this year?

A

1984

82
Q

Three significant vineyards not found within any approved Washington AVA?

A

a) Sagemoor
b) Cold Creek
c) Still Water Creek

83
Q

Who loves you more than anything in the world?

A

Moira

84
Q

Washington’s first approved AVA? When?

A

a) Yakima Valley

b) 1983

85
Q

Highly influential winemaker at Columbia Winery from 1979-2005?

A

David Lake

86
Q

The sustainably founded non-profit founded by Ted Casteel in 1997?

A

LIVE (Low Input Viticulture and Enology)

87
Q

The smallest AVA in Washington?

A

Red Mountain

88
Q

The first two vineyards planted at Red Mountain? Year?

A

a) Kiona, Ciel du Cheval

b) 1975

89
Q

What winery first labeled Sauvignon Blanc as Fumé Blanc in the United States?

A

Robert Mondavi

90
Q

What is the best description of the climate of eastern Washington?

A

Semi-arid and continental

91
Q

When was the Judgment of Paris tasting held?

A

1976

92
Q

Agoston Haraszthy was a significant figure in the early history of American wine associated with this winery?

A

Buena Vista

93
Q

André Tchelistcheff spent the majority of his career making wine for?

A

Beaulieu Vineyards (BV)

94
Q

This river acts as a major irrigational source for Washington’s vineyards?

A

Columbia River

95
Q

Lake, Solano, and Marin Counties are within what AVA?

A

North Coast

96
Q

The first vintage of Screaming Eagle?

A

1992

97
Q

Arrange the AVAs of Santa Barbara County from West to East:

A 
Santa Rita Hills
Santa Maria Valley
Santa Ynez Valley
Ballard Canyon
Happy Canyon
98
Q

What larger AVA are the Cayuga and Seneca AVAs located within?

A

Finger Lakes AVA

99
Q

These are the grape species native to the United States.

A 
Vinus Labrusca (Concord)
Vinus Rotundifoli (Scuppernong)
Vinus Aestivalis (Norton)
100
Q

List the decade in which these wineries were founded:

a) Mondavi
b) Beringer
c) Charles Krug
d) Beaulieu
e) Joseph Phelps

A

a) 1960s
b) 1870s
c) 1860s
d) 1900s
e) 1970s

101
Q

T/F: The diurnal variation in Rutherford AVA is larger than in Howell Mountain AVA.

A

True

102
Q

Give the inaugural vintages for the following wines:

a) Ridge Monte Bello
b) Opus One
c) Heitz Martha’s Vineyard

A

a) 1962
b) 1979
c) 1966

103
Q

What percentage of grapes from a single vineyard bottling must come from the stated vineyard?

A

95%

104
Q

In which AVA are the following vineyards found:

a) Champoux
b) Klipsun
c) Seven Hills

A

a) Horse Heaven Hills
b) Red Mountain
c) Walla Walla Valley

105
Q

The VINEA Winegrowers’ Sustainable Trust is an organization in which AVA?

A

Walla Walla

106
Q

Which state is known for its production of the Norton grape?

A

Missouri

107
Q

The Gavilan Mountains influence which of the following AVAs?

A

Chalone

108
Q

The earliest record of Vinifera plantings in the USA?

A

1619 - Jamestown, Virginia

109
Q

This group was responsible for the Mission grape making its way to California?

A

Franciscan monks

110
Q

The Hungarian Agostos Haraszthy founded this winery in this year? He was considered the?

A

a) Buena Vista
b) 1849
c) Father of Californian wine

111
Q

Gustav Niebaum founded this winery in the year?

A

a) Inglenook

b) 1880

112
Q

These two hybrid grapes dominated the vineyards of the East Coast in the latter half of the 19th century?

A

Catawba

Delaware

113
Q

The significance of Charles Valentine Riley?

A

The first to understand the innate resistance of American grape varieties to phylloxera

114
Q

This winery survived Prohibition after establishing itself as the “House of Alter Wine?”

A

Beaulieu Vineyards

115
Q

Tchelistcheff introduced these two important techniques to American winemaking during his time spent at _____________?

A

a) Temperature controlled fermentation, controlled malolactic fermentation
b) BV

116
Q

The first vintage of Robert Mondavi’s “Fume Blanc?”

A

1968

117
Q

Sanford and Benedict vineyard was first planted in?

A

1970

118
Q

Dr. Konstantin Frank and his winery, ____________, achieved critical acclaim for production of ___________ and ____________ in the _______________.

A

a) Vinifera Wine Cellars
b) Riesling
c) Sparkling wines
d) Finger Lakes

119
Q

The winning wines from the 1976 Judgement of Paris?

A

a) 1973 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay

b) 1973 Stag’s Leap Cabernet Sauvignon

120
Q

In the 1980’s, this disease struck again forcing half of the Napa Valley to be uprooted and replanted?

A

Phylloxera

121
Q

Two modern day threats to the American vineyard?

A

Pierce’s disease

Light brown apple moth

122
Q

These were the first two approved American AVAs?

A

a) Augusta (Missouri) 1980

b) Napa Valley 1981

123
Q

The AVA system is presently overseen by this government agency?

A

TTB (Tax and Trade Bureau)

124
Q

List appellation labeling minimums for the USA?

Vintage dated from an AVA? Estate bottled?

A

a) State/County - 75%
b) AVA - 85%
c) Single Vineyard - 95%

d) 85%
e) 100%

125
Q

The four regional AVAs of California?

A

North Coast AVA
Central Coast AVA
South Coast AVA
Sierra Foothills AVA

126
Q

Define “meritage” in American wine lingo.

A

A blended wine of Bordeaux varieties in which no one grape accounts for more than 90% of the blend

127
Q

Zinfandel’s genetic predecessor?

A

Croatia’s Cryljenak Kastelanski

128
Q

What does “teinturier” refer to?

A

A French language term meaning to dye or stain (a reference to a grape whose flesh and juice is red in color)
i.e. Alicante Bouschet

129
Q

The six counties included in the North Coast AVA?

A 
Napa
Sonoma
Mendocino
Lake
Marin
Solano
130
Q

Name the sixteen sub-appellations of the Napa Valley AVA?

A 
Calistoga
St. Helena
Rutherford
Yountville
Oakville
Stag's Leap District
Atlas Peak
Coombsville
Howell Mountain
Diamond Mountain
Spring Mountain
Mt. Veeder
Chiles Valley
Oak Knoll 
Los Carneros
Wild Horse Valley
131
Q

Solano County is where relative to Napa County?

A

Southwest

132
Q

Name the seventeen sub-AVAs of Sonoma county.

A 
Fort Ross-Seaview
Carneros
Russian River Valley
Green Valley
Chalk Hill
Alexander Valley
Dry Creek Valley
Rockpile
Sonoma Valley
Sonoma Mountain
Bennett Valley
Pine Mountain-Cloverdale District
Knights Valley
Sonoma Coast
Northern Sonoma
Fountaingrove District
Moon Mountain District
133
Q

The common soil type for Pinot noir out on the Sonoma Coast?

A

Goldridge (sandy loam)

134
Q

The warmest AVA in Sonoma county?

A

Knights Valley AVA

135
Q

Bennett Valley focuses on this variety?

A

Merlot

136
Q

This Cava stalwart set up shop in Carneros in the 1980’s to produce sparkling wines?

A

Codorniu

137
Q

The best winegrowing regions in Mendocino are centered around the confluence of these two rivers?

A

Navarro River

Russian River

138
Q

The seven sub-appellations of Mendocino county.

A 
Anderson Valley
Yorkville Highlands
Potter Valley
Redwood Valley
McDowell Valley
Cole Ranch
Mendocino Ridge
139
Q

The smallest AVA in the country?

A

Cole Ranch AVA (Mendocino County)

140
Q

Name the two wineries that the Cole Ranch and McDowell AVAs exist for?

A

a) Esterlina

b) McDowell Winery

141
Q

Clear Lake AVA is found in this county?

A

Lake County

142
Q

The Central Coast of California stretches between?

A

San Francisco in the North

Santa Barbara County in the south

143
Q

The Santa Cruz Mountains AVA lies just south of?

A

San Francisco

144
Q

The Santa Clara Valley and the Livermore Valley AVAs are found where in the US?

A

Central Coast Region of California

145
Q

Name three successful AVAs for Pinot Noir outside of Santa Barbara county in the Central Coast.

A

Monterey AVA
Santa Lucia Highlands AVA (Garys’)
Mount Harlan AVA (Calera)

146
Q

Chalone AVA is found within this county?

A

Monterey

147
Q

The western reaches of Paso Robles are kept cool by this geographic feature?

A

Templeton Gap

148
Q

York Mountain, Arroyo Grand, and the Edna Valley are all found in this county?

A

San Luis Obispo

149
Q

The largest AVA within San Luis Obispo county?

A

Paso Robles AVA

150
Q

Within the Santa Ynez valley are the sub-appellations of?

A

Santa Rita Hills AVA
Ballard Canyon AVA
Happy Canyon AVA
Los Olivos District

151
Q

Bien Nacido was planted in?

A

Mid-1970s

152
Q

The most productive AVA in the central valley of California?

A

Lodi AVA

153
Q

Borden Ranch is a sub-AVA of?

A

Lodi AVA

154
Q

The Shenendoah Valley AVA is found within?

A

Sierra Foothills AVA

155
Q

Long Island AVAs two sub-appellations? Success with which grapes?

A

a) North Fork of Long Island AVA, Hamptons, Long Island AVA

b) Bordeaux varieties

156
Q

The grape Niagara is an American hybrid of?

A

Concord and Cassady

157
Q

The largest demarcated appellation in the world?

A

Upper Mississippi River Valley AVA

158
Q

What is De Chaunac?

A

A red French hybrid that controlled the majority of Canadian plantings through the 1970s

159
Q

Vidal is what kind of grape?

A

Hybrid

160
Q

This winery almost single-handedly put Canadian wine on the map in the 1970s?

A

Inniskillin

161
Q

Canada’s quality control system? In which two provinces does it exist in? In which of the two are the standards voluntary?

A

a) VQA (Vitner’s Quality Alliance)
b) Ontario, British Columbia
c) British Columbia

162
Q

Does the VQA allow chaptalization for late harvest and ice wines?

A

No

163
Q

The three main appellations of production in Ontario?

A

NIagara Peninsula
Lake Erie North Shore
Prince Edward County

164
Q

The Niagara Peninsula is divided amongst these two regions?

A

Niagara Escarpment

Niagara on the Lake

165
Q

The four most common vinifera varieties on the Niagara Peninsula?

A

Riesling
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Cabernet Franc

166
Q

Prince Edward County focuses on the ___________ varieties.

A

Burgundian

167
Q

British Columbia’s most important DVA? What is a DVA?

A

a) Okanagan Valley

b) Designated viticultural area

168
Q

The first country to produce wine in the Americas?

A

Mexico

169
Q

Listan Prieto is better known as the _________ grape because of its associations with the church.

A

Mission

170
Q

Arrange in order importance the three top producing states of Mexico.

A

Baja of California
Coahulia
Queretaro

171
Q

The Valle de Guadalupe is found where in Mexico?

A

Baja of California

172
Q

The San Vincente and Santo Tomas Valleys are found where?

A

Baja of California (Mexico)

173
Q

This is oldest winery in North America?

A

Casa Madero (1597, Parras de la Fuente (Coahuila))

174
Q

Perhaps Mexico’s most significant fine winegrowing appellation?

A

Parras de la Fuente (Coahulia)

175
Q

Name in order the four most planted grapes in Mexico.

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Carignan
Merlot
Chenin Blanc

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