France (Loire) Flashcards
Cabernet Franc is rumored to have originated where?
Basque
T/F: The Loire produces more white wine than any other region in France?
True
Cabernet Franc is known locally in the Loire as?
Breton
Malbec is known locally in the Loire as?
Cot
The four sub-appelations of Muscadet?
Muscadet Serve et Maine AOP
Muscadet AOP
Muscadet Coteaux de Loire AOP
Muscadet Cotes de la Grandlieu AOP
In order for Muscadet to labeled “sur lie,” the following qualifications must be met:
a) The wine must be bottled on its fine lees without filtration (encourages a lite sparkle)
b) The wine must be from one of the three subregions of Muscadet AOP
c) Wines must be bottled between March 1st and November 30th of the following year post harvest
In 2011, these three subzones were intoduced in Muscadet Serve et Maine?
Le Pallet
Gorges
Clisson
Chenin Blanc is known locally in the Loire as?
Pineau de Loire
This grape dominates the rose blends of Anjou?
Groulleau
Savenneires’s prominent soil types?
Blue schist and volcanic debris
The two “Grand Cru” appellations of Savennieres?
Coulee de Serrant
Roche Aux Moines
The two sweet wine producing AOPs on Anjou?
Coteaux du Layon AOP
Coteaux d’le Aubance AOP
Coteaux du Layon AOP is further subdivided into these two sub-appellations?
Quarts du Chaume AOP
Bonnezeaux AOP
Two of Quarts du Chaumes top producers of sweet wine?
Baumard
Chateau Pierre-Bise
A top producer of Bonnezeaux wines?
Chateau de Fesles
Anjou-Villages AOP produces only this style of wine?
Still Red
A common blending grape to Cabernet Franc in Anjou-Villages AOP wines?
Cabernet Sauvignon
Anjou-Villages Brisac and ____________ cover the same ten communes in the region for red wine.
Coteaux d’la Aubance
At the moment, Saumur AOP wines permit the blending of up to _________ of _________ and ___________ in addition to the majority of Chenin Blanc?
a) 20%
b) Chardonnay
c) Sauvignon Blanc
More than half of Saumur’s grapes are destined for ______________?
Cremant de Loire AOP
Permitted red varietals for Saumur AOP red wines?
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d’Aunis
The most elegant and floral expressions of Cabernet Franc come from where in Anjou-Saumur?
Saumur-Champigny AOP
Maximum % of Cabernet Sauvignon allowed in the blending of Chinon/Bourgueil/St Nicholas de Bourgueil?
10%
Does Bourgueil/St Nicholas de Bourgueil produces white wine?
No
Does Chinon produce white wine?
Yes; from Chenin Blanc
The best wines of Chinon come from what soil type?
Tuffeau; limestone
This grape is allowed for blending in Vouvray?
Orbois (Menu Pineau)
What does “sec-tendre” mean?
Off-dry
Touraine AOP mandates the use of ___________ in its white wines and no more than 20% _____________.
a) Sauvignon Blanc
b) Sauvignon Gris
Touraine Noble Jous AOP is renowned for this wine style?
Vin Gris rose made from Pinot Meunier, Malvosie (Pinot Gris), and Pinot Noir
Jasnieres AOP is a part of this AOP in Touraine? Wines produced from?
a) Coteaux du Loir AOP
b) Chenin Blanc
Coteaux du Vendemois AOP specializes in?
Rose produced from Pineau d’Aunis
Cheverny and Cour Cheverney are found in which major region of the Loire? Wines made from?
a) East end of Touraine
b) White: Sauvignon Blanc and Romorantin (bottled varietally) Red: Gamay and Pinot Noir
Valencay AOP produces white wines from? Found in which region?
a) Sauvignon Blanc
b) Touraine
Sancerre sits on this side of the Loire? Pouilly-Fume?
a) West
b) East
The three soil types common in the central vineyards of the Loire (content breakdown)?
a) Silex - Kimmeridgian with high flint content
b) Terres Blanch - Kimmeridgian Clay
c) Caillots - Stony, fossil-laden
Is red wine permitted in Pouilly-Fume AOP?
No
Menetou-Salon is found where? Wines from?
a) Central Vineyards of the Loire
b) Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir
Reuilly, Quincy, and Coteaux de Giennois AOPs produce white wine from?
Sauvignon Blanc
Vouvray and Montlouis-sur-Loire are separated by the _____ river.
Loire
What is the synonym in Pays Nantais for Gros Plant?
Folle Blanche
Caillottes, Terres Blanches, and _____ are 3 primary soils found in Sancerre.
Silex
What is the maximum residual sugar, in grams per liter, of Vouvray sec?
8g/l
Name two appellations outside of Alsace that can label wines SGN?
Coteaux de l’Aubance, Coteaux du Layon
A synonym for Cabernet Franc in the Loire?
Breton
Where would you find the term “Fines Bulles?”
The term may appear on labels of traditional method sparkling wines from 6 AOPs in the Loire Valley: Anjou Mousseux, Cremant de Loire, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Saumur Brut, Touraine Mousseux, Vouvray
Why can a wine from one of the three sub-zones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine not be labeled “sur lie”?
The sub-zones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine require a minimum 18 months sur lie, which exceeds the period of time permitted for the labeling of “sur lie”.
Where is the Coteaux-du-Vendomois? What is the primary red grape of Coteaux-du-Vendomois? White?
a) Just north of Vouvray
b) Pineau d’Aunis
c) Chenin Blanc
What is Chenin Blanc known as in Anjou?
Pineau de Loire
What style of wine dominates production in the Anjou AOP? What styles are allowed?
a) Rose from Grolleau (45% of production)
b) Red, White, Rose, Sparkling
On what side of the Loire river does Savennieres lie? What AOP lies opposite?
a) North
b) Coteaux du Layon/Quarts du Chaume
What are the two overarching AOPs south of the Loire River opposite Savennieres? What style of wine is made there and what is the minimum RS?
Coteaux du Layon and Coteaux de l’Aubance; sweet wines from Chenin Blanc. Min. RS 34 g/L.
What two appellations lie within Coteaux du Layon?
Bonnezeaux
Quarts du Chaume
Is chaptalization legal in Bonnezeaux? Quarts de Chaume?
a) Yes
b) No
What is the minimum RS of Bonnezeaux?
51 g/l
Name four red wine only AOPs of Anjou-Saumur?
Anjou Villages, Anjou Villages Brissac, Saumur-Champigny, Anjou Gamay
These are the grapes allowed in Saumur AOP reds?
Cab, Cab Franc, Pineau d’Aunis
Where is Haut-Poitou AOP?
50 miles south of Chinon on the eastern edge of Saumur; was granted AOP status in 2011 with the dissolution of VDQS
What three soil types is Chinon broadly divided into? Where would you find each and what styles of wine do they create?
a) Varennes (sandy) - lightest
b) Gravel - Medium weight
c) Tuffeau/clay - muscular
What is the red grape of Coteaux du Loir?
Pineau d’Aunis
Cheverny’s red wine focus?
Pinot noir and gamay based reds
What wine appellation of Touraine is also an AOP for goat’s milk cheeses? What grapes are predominately grown there?
a) Valencay
b) Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Gamay, Cot
Name three appellations of the Central Vineyards devoted to white wine production. There is only one appellation of the Central Vineyards exclusively for reds – what is it and what grape can be grown?
a) Pouilly-Fume, Pouilly-sur-Loire, Quincy
b) Orleans-Clery (Cab Franc)
What is the grape of Pouilly-sur-Loire?
Chasselas
The focus of Coteaux d’Ancenis?
Malvoisie (Pinot Gris)
The Great Frost of _____ caused the Dutch to place a moratorium on red grape plantings in Pays Nantais, deciding instead to plant more of the Melon de Bourgogne grape.
1709
Prominent soil type of Muscadet AOP?
Granite
St. Nicolas de Bourgeiul is situated on this soil type?
Alluvial
Vix is a geographical designation of which AOP?
Fife Vendeens
The parent grapes of Melon de Bourgogne?
Gouais Blanc
Pinot
What is the Cher River a tributary of? What two appellations lie along it?
a) Loire
b) Reuilly, Quincy
What is the main grape of Cotes du Forez AOP and Cote Roannaise AOP?
Gamay
What is the southernmost appellation of the Loire?
Cote d’Auvergne
The difference in soil type between Anjou and Saumur?
Saumur: limestone w/ sand
Anjou: schist & clay marl
For what appellation is Pineau d’Aunis the primary grape?
Coteaux du Vendemois AOP
Coteaux du Loir AOP
What are the three styles of sparkling wine found in Loire?
Petillant
Mousseux
Cremant
What are the styles of wine and grapes allowed in the Coteaux d’Anciens AOP?
Sweet blanc (20-40 g/L) from Malvosie (Pinot Gris), dry rose and red from Gamay
With the elimination of VDQS in 2011, what three new regions gained AOP status in Pay Nantais?
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais
Coteaux d’Ancien AOP
Fiefs Vendeens AOP
What is Gros Plant/Folle Blanche known as in Armagnac?
Picpoul (Not the same as the Rhone’s Picpoul)
Name the 7 AOCs making sweet wine from Chenin Blanc within the Middle Loire
Anjou Coteax de la Loire Coteaux du Layon Coteaux du Layon + Village Chaume (1er Cru of Coteaux du Layon) Coteaux de l'Aubance Bonnezeaux Quarts de Chaume (grand cru)
What are the EU regulations regarding Residual sugar in still wines of the Loire (assuming suitable acidity)?
Demi-sec: 9-18g/l
Moelleux: 18-45g/l
Doux: 45g/l
What do most of Sancerre’s best vineyard sites have in common?
Planted on hillsides of terra blanche soils
Where is Clos de la Poussie?
Bué, Sancerre
Name three single vineyard sites in Sancerre?
La Côte des Monts Damnés (Chavignol), Cul de Beaujeu (Chavignol), La Grande Côte (Amigny)
The difference between Pouilly-Fume and Sancerre?
Pouilly Fume has the three mail soil types that Sancerre does (caillottes, terre blanches, and silex), but also Portlandian limestone and sand. Sancerre is also more hilly; Pouilly Fume flatter. Sancerre sits on the west side of the Loire River while Pouilly-Fume sits on the east
Who makes Les Romains and La Belle Dame?
Vacheron in Sancerre. Single vineyard sites for Sauvignon Blanc on flint (Les Romains) and Pinot Noir on flint (La Belle Dame)
Name three producers known for oak usage in the Central Vineyards.
Dagueneau
Vacheron
Mellot
What are the assemblage requirements for Coteaux de Giennois, white, rose, and red?
White – 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rose and Red – must be a blend of Pinot Noir and Gamay, with neither varietal exceeding 80%
What appellation touches the western edge of Sancerre?
Menetou-Salon
What is another name for Pinot Gris in Touraine?
Malvosie
What tributary of the Loire do Quincy and Reuilly lie on?
Cher
Menetou-Salon makes wine from?
a) White - Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
b) Red - Pinot Noir
Quincy allows wine from?
Sauvignon Blanc and a maximum of 10% Sauvignon Gris
Reuilly makes wine from?
Dry white wine from 100% Sauvignon Blanc, rose from Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris, red wine from 100% Pinot Noir.
What is the main grape of Cote Roannaise AOP?
Gamay
What is the main grape of Chateaumeillant AOP?
Gamay
What are the styles/grapes of wine allowed in the Orléans AOP?
Dry white wine from at least 60% Chardonnay, with Pinot Gris. Dry rosé from at least 60% Pinot Meunier, with Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir. Dry red wine from 70-90% Pinot Meunier, plus Pinot Noir
Anjou Villages-Brissac covers the same 10 communes of production as what other appellation?
Coteaux de l’Aubance
What is “Hermine d’Or”? What does it indicate?
An unofficial label term that promotes terroir and stresses ageability
How do the wines of Pouilly-Fumé theoretically differ from those of Sancerre?
Theoretically, more flint in the soil gives Pouilly-Fumé a more flinty character. Also, there has been experimentation with new oak and the results are more akin to white Bordeaux than classic Loire Valley Sauvignon Blanc
What is the main red grape of Orléans? White? Main red for Orléans-Cléry?
a) Pinot Meunier
b) Chardonnay
c) Cabernet Franc
What is the main grape for red/rosé and whites respectively for wines produced in the Coteaux du Loir AOP?
a) Pineau d’Aunis
b) Chenin Blanc
What appellation of Muscadet is considered a source for leaner expressions, but can be an excellent source in warmer vintages?
Muscadet de Coteaux du Loire AOP
Where does the Loire Valley stand in regards to white wine production in France? Sparkling wine?
a) 1st
b) 2nd only to Champagne
Red Cheverny AOP wine is made from what two grapes?
Pinot Noir and Gamay
What styles of wine are permitted in Saumur AOP? Which is excluded?
Red, dry white, and sparkling white. ROSÉ is not authorized
For a bottle of Muscadet labeled by Cru Communaux, from what soils must the fruit come from? For how long must these wines be aged sur-lie?
Must come from specific schist soils and must spend a minimum of 18 months sur lie longer than actual sur lie term allows
Chinon, Bourgueil, and St-Nicholas-de-Bourgueil all allow the addition of 10% of what grape? Which of the three permits the production of white wine? What grape?
a) Cabernet Franc
b) Chinon
c) Chenin Blanc
What are the four dominating soils found in Muscadet-Sèvre-et-Main?
Gneiss
Clay
Silica
Granite
If a wine is labeled Anjou-Villages AOP, will it be red, white, or both? What is the dominant grape? Which grape makes up a significant proportion in combination with this grape?
a) Red
b) Cabernet Franc
c) Cabernet Sauvignon
Name three rosé appellations in Anjou-Saumur, two of which make the style exclusively.
Cabernet de Anjou AOP (exclusive)
Cabernet de Saumur AOP (exclusive)
Haut Poitou AOP
White wines in Valencay AOP are dominated by what grape? Red/Rosé?
a) Sauvignon Blanc
b) Pinot Noir, Gamay, Cot
What is the minimum time a bottle of Crémant de Loire must rest on its lees? Saumur Mousseux? What is the minimum ATM it must be bottled under?
a) 9mos
b) 12mos
c) Less than 5
St-Pourçain rosé is made from 100% of what grape?
Gamay
In what styles is Coteaux de l’Aubance produced in? What is the minimum RS required for wines of both styles?
a) SGN and dry white
b) 34g/L
White wines labeled Fiefs Vendéens must be comprised by a minimum of 60% of what grape? Rosé requires minimum 80% of what grape?
a) Chenin Blanc
b) Gamay and Pinot Noir
Which Touraine AOP bottling requires 100% Gamay? What style is this typically made in?
a) Touraine Primeur Rougemade AOP
b) Nouveau/Primeur Style
What is the minimum RS in Coteaux du Layon? What about for Coteaux du Layon Chaume? Quarts de Chaume?
a) 34g/L
b) 80g/L
c) 85g/L
What is the most recently created Muscadet appellation? When was this?
a) Muscadet de Cotes de Grandlieu
b) 1994
What are the soils like in Bourgueil? St-Nicholas-de-Bourgueil? What is the style like in the latter as a result?
a) Sand/limestone
b) Lighter alluvial
c) Lighter style in St. Nicholas
Less than how many cases of Quarts de Chaume are produced each year? In what village is this AOP located?
a) 10,000 cases
b) Rochefort-sur-Loire
What are the ten grapes permitted in sparkling Saumur production? (4 white/6 red)
Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Grolleau Gris (white)Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the three dominant red grapes of Saumur Rouge AOP?
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pineau d’Aunis
St-Pourçain blanc is made from mostly what grape?
Chardonnay
What two appellations produce wines soley from Gamay in the style of Beaujolais and are actually much closer to Lyon and Beaujolais than the rest of the Central Vineyards?
Cotes de Forez AOP
Cotes de Roannaise AOP
Who are the two best producers of Quarts de Chaume?
Pierre Bise
Baumard
Sauvignon Blanc currently dominates white wine from Touraine AOP but a new encépagement mandates that which grape must be present in the blend at a maximum of 20%?
Sauvignon Gris
