Germany Flashcards
Germany producers more than ____% of the world’s Riesling?
50
True or False: By 2015, just shy of half the wine produced in Germany was vinified dry?
True
These monks introduced the cultivation of both Riesling and Pinot Noir in Germany?
Cistercians
Who brought Vinifera to Germany?
Romans
Vineyard ownership in Germany migrated to the private sector completely after the _____________?
French Revolution
The generic term for German wines in the 1800s?
Hock
These two circumstances prompted the adoption of hardy, productive hybrid varieties during the 19th century in Germany?
a) Phylloxera
b) Cold-climate struggles
The “Blue Nun” movement began with this bottling in 1921?
a) H. Sichel Sohne Liebfraumilch
Explain the “Flurbereinigung.”
A campaign aimed at consolidating successive parcels of land divided by successive generations and to physically reconstruct vineyards, eliminating century old terraces to employ mechanized farming and increase production
Germany’s most current winelaw? Established in?
a) The Deutches Weingesetz
b) 1971
Explain what a goldkapsule indicates on a bottle of German wine?
Indicates a bottle of a higher level of sweetness and distinction than traditional Pradikat labeling. A longer Kapsule indicates an a wine of even higher distinction and rarity. The star system was also introdcued in MOsel, sometimes in conjunction with the GoldKapsule, to indicate reserve and rarity
Explain how the style of German wines changed from the beginning to the middle of the 20th century?
In the early 20th century, most German wine was dry, but as sterile filtration found its way into the winery more towards the middle of the decade, production of wines with calculated sweetness levels could be easily achieved. This also forced the requirements of wines labeled by Pradikat (Spatlese, Auslese) would now be defined by sugar accumulated during the vintage as opposed to sugar remaining in the final wine
What is “Sussreserve?”
Unfermented, sterilized grape juice used to sweeten a finished wine
The German title for an individual vineyard site? The number of Einzellagen pre/post 1971 wine law? The minimum size requirement for Einzellagen?
a) Einzellagen
b) 30,000/2,700
c) 5ha
Define “Grosslagen.”
“Collective” vineyard sites. Used to condense what were previously small, individual sites (by 1971 wine law). Convoluted the vineyard situation more than anything
Two categories of wine that the EEC’s Common Market Organization for Wine implemented in Germany in 1971? The third tier that was added because of Germany’s special circumstances with ripeness?
a) QWPSR (Quality Wines Produced in a Specific Region), or the German term, Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete (QbA)
b) Table Wine, in German, Tafelwein
c) Qualitatswein mit Pradikat (QmP) as a subset of QbA
In 1971, ____ Anbaugebiete were created to accompany QWPSR?
11
How was QmP determined? Was chaptilization legal?
a) Must weight at harvest (ripeness)
b) Not with QmP, permissable with QbA
What is an A.P. number? Explain each set of digits in the number?
a) (Amtliche Prufungsnummer) A five digit identification tag given to a wine that qualifies as QmP or QbA
b) (1) Location of examining board (2) Village the wine was produced (3) Producer (4) Unique bottling number (5) Year wine was tested
Three seminal vineyards that escaped the 5ha minimum through a 1982 amendment?
Forster Kirchenstuck (Pfalz) Bernkastler Doctor (Middle Mosel) Kiedricher Turmberg (Rheingau)
What is a “Classic” wine by law in Germany?
R/S < 15g/L
ABV > 12.0% (11.5% in Mosel)
Single varietal, omit vineyard mention
Not released before Sept 1st of the following year
What is a “Superior” wine by law in Germany?
R/S < 9g/L (12g/L permissable for Riesling)
ABV > 12.0% (11.5% in Mosel)
Single varietal, single vineyard
Vineyards are hand-harvested
Not released before Sept 1st of the following year
EU reform to the original law of ‘71 added ___ anbaugebiete after the reunification of the country for a total of ___?
a) 2
b) 13
Anbaugebiete became formally known as _________ after the early 2000s reforms to German Wine Law?
Geschutze Ursprungbezeichnung (gU) - German equivalent of a PDO (Protected Designation of Origin)
Define R/S ranges for all Pradikat wines.
Kabinett: 70-85deg Spatlese: 80-95deg Auslese: 88-105deg Beerenauslese: 110-128deg Eiswein: 110-128deg Trockenbeerenauslese: 150-154deg *ranges vary slightly by region, declassification is possible as maximums are not absolute
With all of this nonsense, four recognized categories of wine exist in Germany today. Detail them.
a) Wein - formerly Tafelwein, carries no geographic designation; variety and vintage are permitted on the label
b) Landwein - an IGP category, including trocken/halbtrocken wines produced from any of the 26 approved region (Landweingebiete)
c) Qualitatswein - PDO for most of the country’s top dry wines; includes Pradikatswein, min ABV of 7.0%
d) Pradikatswein - PDO for sweet wines, minimum 7% ABV (min 5.5% for BA on up)
How many wineries are represented by the VDP?
197
Production stipulations to be a part of the VDP?
- Wines must be estate grown
- Hand-harvesting is required for wines of Auslese Pradikat and above
- Grosslagen is forbade from being used on labels
- Logo must be present of capsules
The name of the VDPs logo?
Traubenadler
The VDP was first found in ______ as ____________? The organization promoted what kind of wines?
a) 1910
b) VDNV - Verband Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer
c) Natural Wines (Unchaptalized)
The formal, three-tier vineyard classification system of Germany began in _________ and was revised to what it is today, a four-tier system in __________?
a) 2002
b) 2012
Entail the four-tier German vineyard classification?
a) Gutswein - regional wine
b) Ortswein - village tier
c) Erste Lage - 1er cru vineyards
d) Grosse Lage - grand cru vineyard
How are Erste Lage wines labeled? Grosse Lage wines?
a) Village preceeded by the vineyard
b) Just the vineyard name
Name 5 Grosse Lage sites in the Mosel and a producer that specializes in the site.
a) Goldtropfchen (Piesport) - Reingold Haart
b) Himmelreich (Graach) - Willi Schaefer
c) Hofberg (Dhron) - AJ Adam
d) Wurzgarten (Urzig) - JJ Christoffel
e) W. Sonnenhuhr (Wehlen) - Joh Jos Prum
Ortswein wines typically display the ____________ in addition to the village on their labels? Give three examples.
a) Soil Type
b) Kalkstein (limestone), Blauen Schiefer (blue slate), Bundsandstein (red sandstone)
Trocken may be used on VDP labels but only from the __________ category down? ____________ is reserved for a dry wine from a ____________ site.
a) Erste Lage
b) Grosses Gewachs (Great Growth)
c) Grosse Lage
At what minimum ripeness must a Grosses Gewachs be harvested at?
Spatlese
Is chaptalization legal with Grosses Gewachs wines?
Yes; as these bottlings are simply recognized as Qualitatswein
List maximum yields for all four German categories of origin.
a) Landwein - 75 hl/ha
b) Ortswein - 75hl/ha
c) Erste Lage - 60hl/ha
d) Grosse Lage - 50hl/ha
The Erste Lage tier of origin is still not used in these three Anbaugebiete?
Mosel
Rheinhessen
Ahr
The EU standard minimum for varietal labeling as followed in Germany?
85%
Cistercian monks first cultivated Riesling at ________________ in 1435?
Kloster Eberbach (Rheingau)
Explain how yields affect dry/off-dry styles of Riesling?
Lower yields are necessary for for higher concentration in powerful, dry wines. Higher yields are preferable for sweeter styles as wines gain their concentration from RS.
List the three most common aging vessels along with their volume found in German wineries.
a) Halbstuck - 600L
b) Stuck - 1200L
c) Doppelstuck - 2400L
List the genetic parentage of Muller-Thurgau?
Riesling
Madeline Royale
Libfraumilch was largely based off of this varietal?
Muller-Thurgau
These two varietal traits were largely responsible for the uprooting of most Riesling and the replanting of Muller-Thurgau in the early 20th century?
High yielding
Early Ripening
Germany is ____ largest producer of Pinot Noir in the world? The three Anbaugebiete where Pinot is most prevalent?
a) 3rd
b) Baden (leader), Pfalz, Rheinhessen
German for this mutation of Pinot Noir, known as Pinot Noir Precoce in France?
Fruhburgunder
The second most-planted red variety of Germany? The grape is a cross of?
a) Dornfelder
b) Helfensteiner, Heroldrebe
Where does Grauburgunder perform best in Germany?
Baden; across the Rhine from Alsace
Silvaner is a cross of?
Traminer
Osterreichisch-Weiss
Germany ranks ________ in terms of global production of Pinot Blanc (Weissburgunder)?
1st
This grape is often used to season new barrels before Riesling makes its way into them?
Weissburgunder
Scheurebe is a cross of? And is most successful where?
a) Riesling x Bumoseltkettrebe
b) Rheinhessen, Pfalz
Two less-planted, important red varieties in Germany aside from Dornfelder and Pinot Noir? Found where?
a) Trollinger (Schiava in Alto-Adige), Schwarzriesling (Pinot Munier)
b) Wurttemberg
Where does Germany rank in terms of global sparkling wine production?
3rd
The Sekt tax was instituted by _____________ in ________ at $_________ per bottle.
a) Kaiser Wilhelm
b) 1902
c) 1.02 Euro
This was the first winery in Germany to focus solely on sparkling wine?
Volker Raumland (Rheinhessen)
Most Sekt in Germany is made from? Is long lees aging encouraged?
a) Riesling
b) No; interferes with Riesling’s aromas
What and where is Geisenheim?
Germany’s premier enological school (Rheingau)
The eastern and western border cities of the central Rheingau?
a) Weisbaden
b) Rudesheim
This is the steepest GL site in the central Rheingau?
Berg Schlossberg
Assmanhausen is found where? Its focus? Dating back to?
a) Eastern Rhiengau
b) Pinot Noir
c) 1108
Typical soil layout of vineyards in the central Rheingau?
Layers of loess and clay on the lower slopes; stonier, more highly-eroded, slate based soils on the upper slopes
What is a “bereich?”
Sub-region within an Anbaugebiete
In regards to German wine estates, Kloster refers to? Schloss?
a) Abbey
b) Castle
The __________ monks established Kloster Eberbach in _______?
a) Cistercian
b) 1136
The __________ monks founded their Kloster at Johannisberg in the early ______ century?
a) Benedictine
b) 12th
The first harvest of Spatlese harvest of botrytis infected fruit?
1775; Schloss Johannisberg (Rheingau)
The famous vineyard of the Eberbach Abbey?
Steinberg
The largest, single wine producer in Germany?
Hessen State Winery
Name six of the Rheingau’s best producers and their home turf.
Kunstler (Hochheim) Robert Weil (Kiedrich) Joseph Leitz (Rudesheim) Schloss Johannisberg (Johannisberg) Kloster Eberbach (Eberbach) Eva Fricke (Lorch)
Stylistically, the modern focus of the Rheingau?
Dry Riesling; 80% of the wines contain < 9g/l RS
Erstes Gewachs applies to which region in Germany? From what year forward? For which type of wines?
a) Rheingau
b) 1999
c) Riesling and Spatburgunder
Assmanhausen’s top Spatburgunder producer?
August Kesseler
This logo signifies a Rheingau bottling is from an “Erstes Gewachs” vineyard?
Three Arches
Name one of Assmanhausen’s top sites for Spatburgunder?
Hollenberg (Kesseler)
The trio of great Rudesheim sites? Exemplified by?
a) Berg Roseneck
Berg Rottland
Berg Schlossberg
b) Joseph Leitz
The earliest evidence of winegrowing in Germany is found in which region?
Mosel
It was in ______ that the Archbishop of Trier declared a mandatory shift to ________ in the vineyards of Mosel?
a) 1786
b) Riesling
Before sterile filtration, how were off-dry styles achieved in Mosel?
Heavy sulfur doses
What are the Mosel River’s two posts?
The Vosges mountains in France (Moselle AOP) to the German city of Koblenz where it meets the Rhine
Name the six Berieche found in the Mosel.
Ruwer (tributary) Saar (tributary) Obermosel (upper Mosel) Burg Cochem (lower Mosel) Bernkastel (middle Mosel) Moseltor (near Obermosel)
Explain vine-training in the Mosel?
The Single Post System; aids in vineyard worker’s ability to scale the steep sites. Employs vertical cordon or vertically trained two cane system
The Mosel crosses this parallel marking it as Germany’s northermost?
50th
Describe soil type in the Mosel?
Thin, sandy topsoil covered by layers of red and blue Devonian slate)
Was phylloxera successful in Mosel?
No; inhospitable, slate-covered, sandy soils prevented the spread of the pest
From north to south; list the most important villages found in the Bernkastel Berieche.
Erden Urzig Zeltingen Wehlen Graach Bernkastel-Kues Brauneberg Piesport Dhron Trittenheim Leiwen
Burg Cochem is also known as?
Terrassenmosel
The great producer of Burg Cochem and his star property?
a) Heymann-Lowenstein (Winningen)
b) Uhlen
Obermosel sits in the ____________ with the likes of Champagne and Chablis. As opposed to Riesling, real estate is planted to ____________.
a) Paris Basin (calcareous soil as opposed to sandy, slate based soils)
b) Elbling
The Ruwer is a small tributary that connects to the MIddle Mosel between which two villlages?
Trier
Trittenheim
The Benedictine St. Maximin monastery is found where? It’s winemaking operation? Winemaking began here when?
a) Ruwer (Mosel Berieche)
b) Maximin Grunhaus
c) 900’s
Next to Grunhaus, the second great estate of Ruwer?
Karthauserhof (Eitelsbach) - Carthusian monks
What is an “alleinbesitz?”
A vineyard w/ a single owner (monopole)
These are the Saar’s greatest village, vineyard, and producer?
a) Wiltingen
b) Scharzofberg
c) Egon Muller
The most productive wine growing region in Germany?
Rheinhessen
The southern and western border of Rheinhessen?
Pfalz
Nahe
Minimum requirements for “liebfraumilch?”
> 70% of Riesling, Sylvaner, Muller-Thurgau, Kerner
18g/l RS
Produced in either Nahe, Rheingau, Pfalz, Rheinhessen
What is the “Roter Hang?”
A hill in the Rheinhessen composed of red clay and red sandstone with slopes between 70-80% notorious for producing the best wines in the Anbaugebiete
The two winemakers largely responsible for the resurgence in quality-focused winemaking in the Rheinhessen? The Bereiche in which the two are found? Three of their top sites?
a) Klaus Peter Keller, Philip Wittmann
b) Wonnegau
c) Hubacker, Kirchspiel, Morstein
Wagner-Stempel is found in this Rheinhessen Berieche?
Bingen
What is the “Message in a Bottle?”
A collective of roughly two dozen winemakers in the Rheinhessen committed to raising the region’s quality standards; their focus is dry styles w/ spontaneous fermentations
True or False: The Rheinhessen has more Silvaner planted than any other place in the world?
True
This Anbaugebiete features the largest amountof Riesling acreage not only in Germany, but the world over?
Pfalz
These three varities are authorized for Grosse Lage bottlings in the Pfalz?
Riesling
Spatburgunder
Weissburgunder
The _____________ are where you’ll find the best vineyard sites in the Pfalz?
Haardt Hills
The Haardt hills are divided up amongst these two Berieche?
Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Wienstrasse (northern) Sudliche Weinstrasse (southern)
Name four significant villages found within the Mittelhaardt?
Forst
Deidesheim
Ruppertberg
Ungestein
The ____________ acts as an evening shadow for the vineyards of the Haardt hills?
Palitinate Forest
Name five Grosse Lage vineyards between Forst and Deidesheim? The finest of the grand crus?
Jesuitingarten Ungehuer Pechstein Freundstuck Kirchenstuck (#1)
Outside of the Forst/Deidesheim belt of Grosse Lage, this is considered the Middelhaardt’s finest site?
Kallstadter Saumagen
The three “B’s” responsible for some of the Pfalz’s finest wines?
Burklin-Wolf
Basserman-Jordan
Reicstrat von Buhl
One champion in the Pfalz of off-dry styles in the otherwise land of dry riesling?
Muller-Catoir
You’re likely to find the some of the best examples of German Spatburgunger and Weissburgunder in this Berieche of the Pfalz?
Sudliche Weinstrasse
Franken lies on this river? A tributary of the?
a) Main
b) Rhine
The most planted variety of Franken? Why?
a) Muller-Thurgau
b) This hardy, hybrid crossing survives through harsh winters and early season frost common in the region’s climate
The three Bereiche of Franken?
Mainviereck
Maindreieck
Steigerwald
The traditional bottle for Franken Silvaner?
Bocksbeutel
Maindreieck’s famous riesling/silvaner vineyard?
Wurzburger Stein
The Taubertal on the Main is shared by which three anbaugebiete? Which of the three can not bottle with bocksbeutel?
a) Franken, Baden, Wurttemburg
b) Wurttemburg
This forms a natural border between the Nahe and the Mosel?
Hunsruck Hochwald Forest
This is Germany’s driest winegrowing climate
Nahe
The only Bereiche found in the Nahe?
Nahetal
Name four Grosse Lage sites found in the middle Nahe?
Oberhauser Brucke
Niederhauser Hermannshole
Schlossbockelheimer Felsenberg
Norheimer Dellchen
Soil type in the middle Nahe?
Mixes of volcanic, limestone, schist and slate
Although all-encompassed by just one berieche, the Nahe is divided into?
Upper Nahe
Middle Nahe
Lower Nahe
This red grape flourishes in the lower Nahe? Is it authorized for GL bottlings?
a) Spatburgunder
b) No
The most recognized producer of the lower Nahe?
Schlossgut Diel
Baden has seen most of its success come from these three Burgundian varities?
Weissburgunder
Spatburgunder
Grauburgunder
This is Baden’s most-planted white grape?
Muller-Thurgau
Chasselas is cultivated where in Germany?
Markgraferland Berieche (Baden)
The four Pinot Noir producing bereiche of Baden?
Kaiserstuhl
Ortenau
Breisgau
Tuniberg
The warmest vineyard grown in all of Germany? What is grown there?
a) Ihringer Winklerberg (Kaiserstuhl, Baden)
b) Spatburgunder
It is not uncommon to encounter the local _____________ oak used on Baden Pinot Noir?
Black Forest
When a sweeter style of Grauburgunder is made in Baden, it is usually labeled as?
Rulander
This grape is the most planted in Wurttemburg? Its Italian counterpart?
a) Trollinger
b) Schiava
Blaufrankisch is known as ____________ in Wurttemburg?
Lemberger
Schwarzriesling in Wurtemmburg is actually?
Pinot Meunier
How is Schillerwein achieved?
(Wurttemburg) A rose made by blending finished red and white wines
Pinot Noir is grown on these kinds of soils in the Ahr?
Slate
It was _____________ in the early 1980’s that lead the red wine revolution in the Ahr?
Meyer-Nakel
Fruhburger is commonly found here in Germany? It is outplanted by only this red variety?
a) Ahr
b) Spatburgunder
This city is where the Rhine and Mosel rivers converge? Falls in this region?
a) Koblenz
b) Mittelrhein
The most important bereiche of Mittelrhein where most all of its GL sites are located?
Lorely
Lieblich is loosely translated term meaning?
Medium sweet
This is Germany’s smallest Anbaugebiete?
Hessische-Bergstrasse
The Hessische-Bergstrasse’s vineyards were once an extension of the _______________ holdings? It is now divided into these two berieche?
a) Kloster Eberbach
b) Starkenburg, Umstadt
Badische-Bergstrasse, a vineyard area once considered to be a part of the Hessische-Berstrasse, was annexed to ____________ in _______?
a) Baden
b) 1971
These were the two anbaugebiete added in 1990 to the then total of 11 making for a new total of 13?
Saale-Unstrut
Sachsen
The first winery in Sachsen to join the VDP?
Schloss Proschwitz
The most-planted white variety of Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut?
Muller-Thurgau
A local delicacy of Sachsen developed at the Oberlin Institute of Alsace?
Goldriesling
