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MICROBIOLOGY MED2 > Normal Flora of the Human Body > Flashcards

Normal Flora of the Human Body Flashcards

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1
Q

The normal flora slowly develops during the first ___ years of life and as hi,am reach adulthood and maturity

A

3

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2
Q

Internal tissues or anatomic sites that do not have normal flora

A

muscle
brain
blood
(although DNA from microbiota has been detected in the last 2)

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3
Q

Fixed type of microorganism regularly found in a given area at a given time

A

Resident flora

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4
Q

Microorganisms from the environment that inhabit only for hours, days, or weeks, and do not establish itself permanently

A

Transient flora

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5
Q

Biggest and most complex habitat of for the normal flora is the:

A

gastrointestinal tract

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6
Q

Diphtheroid bacteria normally found on skin

A

Corynebacteria and Proprionibacteria

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7
Q

Gram-positive cocci normally found on skin

A

Non-hemolytic Staphylococcus and Micrococcus sp

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8
Q

T/F: Corynebacteria have been implicated in acne formation

A

T

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9
Q

What are the predominant and frequently present organisms on the conjunctiva

A

Diphtheroid
S. epidermidis
Non-hemolytic strep

Neisseria
S. aureus
some streptococci
Moraxella sp (resembling Haemophili)

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10
Q

Which pathogens presumably attach to the conjunctival epithelium by means of sialic receptors on epithelial cells?

A

Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis

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11
Q

Organisms that comprise 20% of the population in the nares

A

Staphylococcus aureus

other:
S. epidermidis
Corynebacteria

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12
Q

What are the pathologic organisms that colonize the nasopharynx

A

H. influenzae
Strep pneumoniae
Strep epidermidis
Neisseria meningitidis

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13
Q

Prominent organism of the nose

A

Corynebacterium

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14
Q

Organism that may colonize the tracheal epithelium and may become pathogenic once respiratory epithelium is damaged

A

Bordetella pertussis

Others that may cause infection of the LRT:
H. influenza
Strep pneumoniae

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15
Q

Normal flora of the nasopharynx (or URT)

A

non-hemolytic AND alpha-hemolytic streptococci (pneumo and epiderm)
Neisseria

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16
Q

Which of the following is not part of the consistent flora of the anterior urethra?
A. Proteus
B. Staphylococcus epidermidis
C. Enterococcus faecalis
D. Non-hemolytic streptococcus

A

A. Proteus and E. coli are contaminants from skin, vulva or rectum that may only be occasionally found

17
Q

Which organism is the cause of a low pH of the vaginal epithelium preventing establishment of most bacteria?

A

Lactobacillus acidophilus (Doderlein’s bacillus)

During reproductive years, they are able to metabolize glycogen (from estrogen) into lactic acid

18
Q

The following are important anaerobes that may become predominant in the genitalia, except:
A. Prevotella
B. Clostridium
C. Peptostreptococcus sp
D. Bacteroides

A

D. Bacteroides is the anaerobe in oral cavity

19
Q

The organism present in vaginal flora of 25% of childbearing women that may be acquired by newborn during birthing process, causing natal sepsis or meningitis

A

Group B Streptococci

20
Q

Which of the following is mostly likely harbored in the normal flora of infants delivered via C-section?
A. Prevotella
B. Propionibacterium sp
C. Lactobacillus
D. Sneathia
E. Atopobium

A

B. Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium spp found in the mother’s bacterial skin communities

21
Q

These organisms are expected to colonize the oral cavity of children at the first year of age

A

Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis

22
Q

Which of the following is not expected to colonize the oral cavity at puberty?
A. Bacteroides
B. Spirochete
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Streptococcus mutans

A

C. Staphylococcus aureus

23
Q

Organism causing dental caries

A

Streptococcus mutans

Others that may come into play (CAUSES DENTAL PLAQUES):
- Lactobacilli
- Actinomyces
- various proteolytic bacteria

24
Q

Organisms that become established as the most prominent members of the resident flora after 4-12 hours after birth and remain so for life. They originate in the respiratory tracts of the mother and attendants, and may cause endocarditis in cases of UNCONTROLLED CARRIES

A

Streptococcus viridians

25
Q

Species that are normally present in tonsillar tissue and on the gingivae in adults

A

Actinomyces

26
Q

Pathologic organism known to colonize the stomach

A

Helicobacter pylori

27
Q

Main organism in the proximal small intestine

A

lactobacilli
Enterococcus faecalis

28
Q

Additional species in the distal small intestine

A

coliform and Bacteroides

29
Q

Which of the phyla are found in the mucosa of the proximal small intestine?

A

Bacteroidetes
Clostridiales

29
Q

Which of the phyla are found in the mucosa of the proximal small intestine?

A

Bacteroidetes
Clostridiales

30
Q

A regular component of intestinal flora that emerged to be an antibiotic-resistant nosocomial pathogen

A

Enterococcus faecalis
(aka Streptococcus faecalis)

31
Q

Predominant species of the lower GIT

A

Bacteroides
Bidifobacterium bifidum

32
Q

The friendly gram-positive, non-spore former, lactic acid former bacteria predominant in the lower GIT in breast-fed infants

A

Bifidobacterium bifidum

33
Q

Transiently associated Clostridial species in humans and can be isolated in 25% of population

A

Clostridium tetani

34
Q

Organism that may cause “antibiotic-induced diarrheal disease” known as pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clostridium difficile

35
Q

Organisms responsible for the ability to the GIT to reduce small organic compounds into methane in the presence of hydrogen allowing increase in ATP yield for greater harvest of energy from the diet

A

Methanogenic Archaea

36
Q

One of the leading causes of nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infection usually in patients that are intubated

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

37
Q

Leading cause of bacterial meningitis in infants and young children in the Philippines

A

Haemophilus influenzae

MICROBIOLOGY MED2 (9 decks)

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