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Haematology > Normal Erythropoeisis > Flashcards

Normal Erythropoeisis Flashcards

1
Q

How long do RBCs live in the blood

A

120 days

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2
Q

What organ remover fragile old red blood cells from the circulation

A

Spleen

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3
Q

What is important to remember about the contents of RBCs

A

They do not have a nucleus or mitochondria

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4
Q

Why is it important to know that RBCs do not have a nucleus

A

They cannot undergo cell division

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5
Q

Where are new rbcs produced

A

in the red bone marrow from pluripotent stem cells

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6
Q

Why is bilirubin produced when RBCs are broken down

A

Haem group is converted to bilirubin

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7
Q

What happens to the iron after the RBC has been broken down

A

Iron binds to transferrin in the blood and is recycled

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8
Q

What hormone regulated red blood cell production

A

erythropoietin (EPO)

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9
Q

what releases EPO and in response to what

A

kidney in response to reduced oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

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10
Q

What lineage are red blood cells

A

myeloid

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11
Q

What is the normal shape of an rbc

A

biconcave disc

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12
Q

How big is the size of a normal rbc

A

8um diameter, 2um thick at edge at 1um thick in centre

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13
Q

Why is the shape of rbcs advantageous

A

Diffusion distance minimized and surface to volume ratio maximised

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14
Q

What is a normal haematocrit for females and males

A

females 3-46

males 40-50

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15
Q

How do rbcs make ATP

A

anaerobically as they have no mitochondria

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16
Q

What helps keep iron in the FE2+ state

A

NADH - haemoglobin made with Fe3+ cannot bind oxygen

17
Q

What is NADPH required for

A

adequate levels of reduced glutathione

18
Q

what releases O2 from haemoglobin

A

2,3 BPG

19
Q

Why is reduced glutathione important

A

it combats oxidative stress by protecting against the toxic effects of free radicals

20
Q

what are free radicals

A

highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons

21
Q

in what condition is there a lack of reduced gluathione

A

G6PD deficiency

22
Q

How is most carbon dioxide present in the body

A

A bicarbonate ions - 60 percent

30 percent is bound to Hb, 10 percent is dissolved ie PCO2

23
Q

how much oxygen will 1g of fully saturated Hb bind

A

1g Hb binds 1.34ml O2

24
Q

what does foetal Hb consist if

A

two alpha and two gamma chain

Haematology (21 decks)

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