Normal Development

Question 0

What is the Moro reflex?

Answer 0

When you support head and ‘drop’ baby the arms should extent and abduct

Question 1

At what age would you expect a child to walk?

Answer 1

12 months should be walking

18 months worry

Question 2

At what age should the Moro reflex disappear?

Answer 2

Between 4-6 months

Question 3

When should the parachute reflex appear?

Answer 3

9 months

Question 4

What is the parachute reflex?

When does this appear?

Answer 4

Put arms out in front when falling forwards

5-6 months

Question 5

At what age should children be able to sit without support?

Answer 5

6-8 months

Question 6

At what age should nocturnal enuresis stop?

Answer 6

Age 3-4 years ond

Question 7

How common is enuresis in olde children?

Answer 7

10% at age 5
5% at age 10
1% of teenagers

Question 8

By what time have 95% of infants passed meconium?

Answer 8

48 h

Question 9

By that time after birth have 95% of infants micturated?

Answer 9

24 h

Question 10

What percentage of birthweight is is normal to lose after birth?
And what is abnormal?

Answer 10

5% normal

10% abnormal

Question 11

When should babies re gain weight if the have lost weight after birth?

Answer 11

Bottle fed babies in 10 days

Breast fed by 3 weeks?

Question 12

What are the 4 categories of child development?

Answer 12

Gross motor
Fine motor
Speech and language
Social

Question 13

What category does vision fit into in child development?

Answer 13

Fine motor

Question 14

What category does hearing fit into in child development?

Answer 14

Speech and language

Question 15

What is the normal age range to start walking?

Answer 15

11-18 months

Question 16

What age is a neonate?

Answer 16

0-1 month

Question 17

What age is an infant?

Answer 17

1month to 1 year

Question 18

What is the palmer reflex and when should it disappear?

Answer 18

When you stroke baby’s palm and it closes

Disappear at 3-4 months

Question 19

What is the rooting reflex? When should it disappear by?

This should also disappear at the same time as sucking reflex

Answer 19

Stroke cheek and baby’s mouth opens and moves towards it

6-8 weeks

Question 20

What is the lateral propping reflex?

When does this appear?

Answer 20

When sitting if you push the baby over they will put their arm out to prevent fall
7 months

Question 21

What is the most common cause of failure to thrive?

Answer 21

Environmental deprivation/ undernutrition

Question 22

What else can cause failure to thrive?

Answer 22

GORD
Coeliac disease
CF
Cardiac disease
Renal failure

Question 23

What is patau syndrome?

Answer 23

Trisomy 13

Question 24

What is Edwards syndrome?

Answer 24

Trisomy 18

Question 25

What features are seen in Down’s syndrome?

Answer 25

Prominent epicanthal folds 
Single palmer crease 
Up slanting palpable fissures 
Protruding tongue
Flat head 
Flat nasal bridge 
Decreased muscle tone 
Large sandal gap

Question 26

What is the mechanism behind congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 26

Enzyme deficiency resulting in decreased cortisol which stimulate the pituitary to produce ACTH causing overproduction of adrenal androgens

Question 27

How common is congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 27

1:5000

Question 28

At what age does a salt losing crisis occur in males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 28

1-3 weeks

Question 29

Where in the body are the testicles formed?

Answer 29

From the urogenital ridge near the kidneys

Question 30

What is the tissue that giude the testes down?

What tissue travels ahead?

Answer 30

Gubernaculum
Processus vaginalis (part of peritoneum)

Question 31

Failure of the of the processus vaginalis to obliterate after birth may cause what?

Answer 31

Inguinal hernia

Hydrocele

Question 32

How common is an Inguinal hernia in boys?

Answer 32

1:50

Question 33

How do Inguinal hernias present?

Answer 33

Intermittent swelling of the groin or scrotum
Or crying when straining / coughing
Or as irreducible lump in the scrotum in infant with crying and vomiting