MSK

Question 0

What age is transient synovitis most common?

Answer 0

3-10 yeah olds

Toddlers and young children

Question 1

What is transient synovitis?

Answer 1

Inflammation of the synovium in the hip following a recent viral infection, may also have joint effusion but this is harmless

Question 2

How does transient synovitis present differently to septic arthritis?

Answer 2

Trans. Synovitis the child is systemically well and probably afebrile

Question 3

What are the most common bacteria to cause septic arthritis?

Answer 3

Staph A

Strep Pyogenes

Question 4

How do bacteria reach the joint capsule in septic arthritis?

Answer 4

Haematogenous spread or through adjacent osteomyelitis

Question 5

What is arthralgia?

Answer 5

Joint pain

Question 6

What age group does osteomyelitis tend to present?

Answer 6

Infants and toddlers

Question 7

Where in the bone does osteomyelitis commonly affect?

Answer 7

Metaphysis

Usually of long bones (femur/tibia)

Question 8

What condition can predispose to osteomyelitis? What organism may be seen then?

Answer 8

Sickle cell disease

Salmonella

Question 9

What is perthes disease?

Answer 9

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Question 10

What age group in perthes disease seen in?

Answer 10

6-12 yo

Question 11

What age group does slipped upper femoral epiphysis seen in?

Answer 11

10-16 yo

Overweight teenagers

Question 12

What is reactive arthritis?

Answer 12

Sterile Arthritis that occurs after a bacterial or viral infection thought to be autoimmune

Question 13

What are the two main causes of haemoathrosis in children?

Answer 13

Haemophilia and trauma

Question 14

How many joints does

• oligoarthritis
• polyarthritis

affect?

Answer 14

Oligo - 4 or less joints

Poly - 5 or more

Question 15

How longs are symptoms have to last to diagnose JIA?

Answer 15

6 weeks

Question 16

In septic arthritis of the hip what position is the leg commonly in?

Answer 16

Flexed that the hip, abducted and externally rotated

Question 17

What is plagiocephaly?

Answer 17

Asymmetry of the skull usually on one side from sleeping position

Resolves in first few years

Question 18

What antibiotics can be used to treat septic arthritis?
How long is the course?
How long IV?

Answer 18

IV Cephuroxime or IV flucloxacillin
14 days
At least 3 days IV

Question 19

What are the potential complications of the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip?

Answer 19

Necrosis of the femoral head

Question 20

In JIA oligoarthritis where elbows and knees are affected what eye condition is associated with this?

Answer 20

Anterior uveitis

Question 21

Which JIA is most likely to be associated with ANA?

Answer 21

Oligoarthritis

Question 22

Which JIA is more common in girls under the age of 6?

Answer 22

Oligoarthritis

Question 23

Which JIA is more common in older girls?

Answer 23

Polyarticular

Question 24

What other symptoms would you see in systemic JIA?

Answer 24

Fever | Salmon pink rash

Question 25

How long is the fever present in systemic JIA?

Answer 25

2 weeks

Question 26

What is affected in enthesitis related arthritis?

Answer 26

Inflammation where a tendon or ligament inserts into bone

Question 27

What joint is usually tender in enthesitis?

Answer 27

Sacroiliac joint

Question 28

What is the maximum age to be diagnosed with JIA?

Answer 28

16

Question 29

What is the most common type of JIA?

Answer 29

Oligoarticular

Question 30

How common is JIA?

Answer 30

1-2/1000

Question 31

When counting the number of joints affected in JIA what time frame do you use?

Answer 31

Within the first 6 months

Question 32

What is a quotidian fever? Which type of JIA is is associated with?

Answer 32

A fever that peaks once a day

Question 33

Is JIA more common in females or males?

Answer 33

Females

Question 34

Is oligoargicular JIA is it more common the present with stiffness or pain?

Answer 34

Stiffness and reduced movements due to a swollen joint

Question 35

Apart from systemic JIA what other JIA might you get fever, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and serositis?

Answer 35

Polyarticular RF positive (5% of JIAs - rf negative is more common)

Question 36

How is JIA diagnosed?

Answer 36

It is a clinical diagnosis

Question 37

What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis?

Answer 37

Staph aureus

Question 38

How longs after the onset of osteomyelitis can an X-ray appear normal for?

Answer 38

1 week

Question 39

What drug treatment can be given in JIA?

Answer 39

NSAIDs for the pain Intraarticular steroid injections Systemic steroids Methotrexate - for multiple joints

Question 40

What non pharmacological management can be used in JIA?

Answer 40

Physiotherapy Physical activity OT