Normal Development Flashcards
what three groups of factors influence normal development?
genetics
nutrition
environment
what is a developmental milestone?
a key age range when a new skill is developed
what is the median age?
the age when 50% of the population should have achieved a skill
what is the limit age?
the age when the skill should have been achieved by 97,5% of people
If someone hasn’t achieved a developmental milestone by the limit age what should be done?
further investigations
what are the four areas of development?
gross motor
fine motor and vision
language and hearing
social behaviour and play
what are the first three step of gross motor development?
head control
sitting balance
crawling
when should a child be able to stand?
around 1 year
when should a child be able to climb stairs with 2 feet to a tread?
around 2 years
when should a child be able to climb stairs normally?
around 3 years
when should a child be able to hop?
around 4 years
name four primitive reflexes that exist before voluntary movement is acquired
sucking and rooting
palmar and plantar grasp
moro
ATNR
what is sucking and rooting?
locating and responding to the mothers breast to initiate feeding
when should the palmar and plantar grasp reflex disappear?
around 3 months
what is the moro reflex?
when the infant falls back the arms will extend and then flex
what does ATNR stand for?
the asymmetric tonic neck reflex
what is ATNR?
when the head turns to one side the limbs flex and extend to stabilise the baby
when should ATNR disappear?
3-4 months
when does ATNR often persist?
in children with CP
when do ‘saving reflexes’ develop and what do they do?
around 5-7 months
protect the baby from falling
what is the limit age for walking independently?
18 months
