Abnormal Development

Question 1

what is developmental delay?

Answer 1

the failure to attain appropriate developmental milestones for a Childs corrected chronological age

Question 2

when is a child’s chronological age corrected if they were preterm?

Answer 2

up to 2 years of age

Question 3

what are the three patterns of abnormal development?

Answer 3

delay
deviation
regression

Question 4

what are the two types of developmental delay?

Answer 4

global

specific

Question 5

what is a global developmental delay?

Answer 5

affects two or more areas of development

Question 6

name a cause of global developmental delay

Answer 6

Down’s syndrome

Question 7

what is specific developmental delay?

Answer 7

affects one domain of development

Question 8

name a cause of specific developmental delay

Answer 8

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

Question 9

name a cause of a developmental deviation

Answer 9

autism spectrum disorder

Question 10

what is the definition of a learning disability?

Answer 10

an IQ below 70

Question 11

what determines the severity of a learning disability?

Answer 11

how low the IQ is

Question 12

what is a global developmental delay called in children of school age?

Answer 12

learning disability

Question 13

what is checked annually in people with Down’s syndrome?

Answer 13

thyroid function

Question 14

how does Duchenne muscular dystrophy present?

Answer 14

progressive lordotic posture to compensate for pelvic girdle weakness

Question 15

describe the appearance of the calf muscles in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Answer 15

seem well developed but are actually weak

Question 16

who gets Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Answer 16

only boys

Question 17

what is a classic sign seen in Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Answer 17

gower’s manoeuvre

Question 18

what is gower’s manoeuvre a sign of?

Answer 18

proximal weakness of the pelvic girdle muscles

Question 19

when can cerebral palsy be particularly affected?

Answer 19

during growth spurts

Question 20

what does it mean if there is hemiplegia in cerebral palsy?

Answer 20

affects one side of the body

reflects brain damage on the opposite side

Question 21

what does it mean if there is diplegia in cerebral palsy?

Answer 21

affects both sides of the body

Question 22

what does it mean if there is quadriplegia in cerebral palsy?

Answer 22

affects all four limbs

Question 23

what are the three main areas of development impacted in autism?

Answer 23

communication
social interaction
flexibility of thought

Question 24

what tool is used to assess development in 0-6 years?

Answer 24

Griffiths score

Question 25

what tool is used to assess development in 0-3 years?

Answer 25

bailey’s score

Question 26

what tool can be used to assess autism spectrum disorders?

Answer 26

ADOS score