Immunisation Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two types of immunity?

A

active

passive

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2
Q

what are the two components that allow for active immunity?

A

antigens

antibodies

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3
Q

what causes passive immunity?

A

the transfer of pre-formed antibodies

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4
Q

what are the two ways that passive immunity can be developed?

A

mother to unborn baby

from another person (blood donor)

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5
Q

how long does passive immunity from mother to foetus last?

A

up to a year

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6
Q

what are the two main types of vaccines?

A

live virus vaccines

inactivated vaccines

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7
Q

what is a live virus vaccine?

A

attenuated organisms that replicate in the host

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8
Q

name some organisms that can be prevented with a live vaccine

A

measles
mumps
rubella
flu

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9
Q

what are the three types of inactivated vaccines?

A

suspensions of dead organisms
subunit vaccines
conjugate vaccines

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10
Q

what are three contraindications to all vaccines?

A

anaphylaxis
egg allergies
acute illness

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11
Q

name two contraindications to live vaccines

A

immunosuppression

pregnancy

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12
Q

what does herd immunity do?

A

protects unvaccinated individuals through having most of the population vaccinated

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13
Q

what vaccines are contained in the hexavalent vaccine?

A
diphtheria 
tetanus 
pertussis 
polio 
HIB 
hep B
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14
Q

what is DTaP/IPV?

A

diphtheria, tetanus, polio and pertussis booster

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15
Q

what is Td/IPV?

A

tetanus, diphtheria and polio booster

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16
Q

what is MenACWY?

A

meningococcal groups A,C,W and Y

17
Q

what vaccines are given at 2 months?

A

hexavalent
men B
rotavirus
PCV

18
Q

what vaccines are given at 3 months?

A

hexavalent

rotavirus

19
Q

what vaccines are given at 4 months?

A

hexavalent
men B
pneumococcal

20
Q

what vaccines are given at 12-13 months?

A

men B
pneumococcal
HIB/MenC
MMR

21
Q

what vaccines are given at 3-5 years?

A

MMR

DTAP/IPV booster

22
Q

what vaccines are given at ages 12-13?

A

HPV (two doses)

23
Q

what vaccines are given at 13-14 year olds?

A

Td/IPV booster

MenACWY

24
Q

how many doses of the hexavalent vaccine are given?

A

3