Attachment and Temperament Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most important predictor of personality development?

A

a child’s early relationship with their primary caregiver

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2
Q

what are the four stages of attachment?

A

asocial stage
indiscriminate attachment
specific attachment
multiple attachment

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3
Q

when is the asocial stage of attachment?

A

0-6 weeks

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4
Q

what happens in the asocial stage of attachment?

A

smiling and crying that is not directed at specific people

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5
Q

when does indiscriminate attachment happen?

A

6 weeks - 7 months

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6
Q

what happens in indiscriminate attachment?

A

attention is sought from different individuals

no fear of strangers

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7
Q

when does specific attachment happen?

A

7 - 11 months

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8
Q

what happens during specific attachment?

A

strong attachments to one individual

develop separation and stranger anxiety

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9
Q

when does multiple attachments occur?

A

after 11 months

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10
Q

what happens during multiple attachments?

A

attachments to others as well as parents

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11
Q

what are the three main styles of attachment?

A

secure
insecure avoidant
insecure ambivalent/resistant

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12
Q

what type of attachment also exists that is a combination of the main types?

A

disorganised

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13
Q

what is the study for attachment that is done?

A

the strange situation

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14
Q

what does the strange situation determine?

A

what type of attachment style an infant has

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15
Q

what age group is the strange situation used for?

A

12-18 months

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16
Q

what are the eight stages of the strange situation?

A
  1. mother, infant and stranger
  2. mother and infant alone
  3. stranger joins
  4. mother leaves
  5. mother returns and stranger leaves
  6. mother leaves, infant alone
  7. stranger returns
  8. mother returns and stranger leaves
17
Q

what is the most common attachment style?

A

secure

18
Q

what happens in the strange situation if a child has secure attachment?

A

distressed when mother leaves
friendly to stranger when mother present
happy when mother returns

19
Q

what happens in the strange situation if a child has ambivalent attachment?

A

distress when mother leaves
fear of the stranger
approaches mother when she returns but resists contact
cries more than others

20
Q

what happens in the strange situation if a child has avoidant attachment?

A

no distress when mother leaves
fine with the stranger
not interested when the mother returns

21
Q

what does it mean if a person is a secure base?

A

the attachment figure provides a safe space from which to explore the world

22
Q

what does it mean if a person is a safe haven?

A

they are a safe place to retreat to in times of danger or anxiety

23
Q

what is attunement?

A

the process between the caregiver and infant where they can tune into each others emotional states