Nonmalignant WBC Disorders (Myeloid and Lymphoid)

Question 1

Neutropenia and neutrophilia require absolute neutrophil counts outside of what range?

Answer 1

Below 1500/μL or above 7000/μL

Question 2

Term for mild neutropenia, where enough PNMs are present to defend against microorganisms.

Answer 2

Granulocytopenia

Question 3

Term for the virtual absence of neutrophils due to depletion of both the marginated pool and the bone marrow.

Answer 3

Agranulocytosis

Question 4

Term for most neutropenias, since they are asymptomatic and unexplained.

Answer 4

Chronic benign neutropenia

Question 5

Term describing how drugs like phenothiazines, phenylbutazone, antithyroid drugs, and indomethacin can suppress normal hematopoiesis.

Answer 5

Idiosyncratic marrow suppression

Question 6

Term for a non-neoplastic increase in leukocyte count due to acute infections, severe hemorrhage, or acute hemolysis; may be mistaken for CML.

Answer 6

Leukemoid reaction

Question 7

What enzyme is elevated in a leukemoid reaction but not in CML?

Answer 7

Alkaline phosphatase

Question 8

What are 2 mechanisms/causes of neutrophilia during acute traumatic or infectious disorders?

Answer 8

Increased mobilization from bone marrow; increased mobilization from the peripheral pool

Question 9

What syndrome involves having >1500/μL of eosinophils for 6 months without evident underlying disease, and has a high mortality if untreated?

Answer 9

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome

Question 10

Name 2 nonmalignant WBC proliferative disorders that are associated with allergic reactions and malignancies.

Answer 10

Eosinophilia and basophilia

Question 11

What kind of cells have granules containing inflammatory mediators like histamine, heparin, eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors, and proteases?

Answer 11

Mast cells

Question 12

Proliferation of what kind of cells, usually found close to blood vessels, can cause flushing, pruritus, hives, and even bleeding from the nasopharynx or GI tract?

Answer 12

Mast cells

Question 13

Term for a nonmalignant increase in mast cell numbers that occurs in hypersensitivity reactions, in lymph nodes that drain malignant tumors, in Waldenström macroglobulinemia, in postmenopausal osteoporosis, in myelodysplastic syndromes, and after chemotherapy for leukemia.

Answer 13

Reactive mast cell hyperplasia

Question 14

Lymphocytopenia and lymphocytosis require peripheral lymphocyte counts outside of what range?

Answer 14

Below 1500/μL or above 4000/μL in adults (range is higher in children)

Question 15

The presence of >10% plasmacytosis in bone marrow is typically associated with what?

Answer 15

A plasma cell disorder

Question 16

What lymphocytes are responsible for the hyper-immunoreactivity in follicular vs. interfollicular hyperplasia?

Answer 16

Follicular is B cells, interfollicular is T cells

Question 17

What disease is associated with reactive lymphadenopathy caused by follicular hyperplasia and interfollicular plasmacytosis?

Answer 17

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 18

What disease is associated with lymphadenopathy caused by interfollicular hyperplasia, massive necrosis, and arteriolitis?

Answer 18

SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 19

What disease is associated with lymphadenopathy, follicular hyperplasia, and interfollicular epithelioid macrophages?

Answer 19

Toxoplasmosis

Question 20

Sinus histiocytosis involves an increase in what kind of cell?

Answer 20

Macrophages / monocytes

Question 21

Term for sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy

Answer 21

Rosai-Dorfman disease

Question 22

Term for paracortical T-cell proliferation due to immune recognition of lipids, melanin, and hemosiderin drainage from chronic dermatoses

Answer 22

Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy