Non-Sterile Compounding Flashcards
1
Q
What are the types of compounding?
A
- Sterile or Non-Sterile
- can further be Hazardous or non-hazardous
2
Q
What is the U.S Pharmacopeia [USP]?
A
- The standards of compouding
3
Q
What is USP 795 about?
A
- Sterile Compounding
4
Q
What is USP 797 about?
A
- Non-sterile Compounding
5
Q
What is USP 800 about?
A
- Hazardous Drugs
6
Q
What are some of the common non-sterile compounds used for?
A
- Orally
- Via Tube
- Reatally
- Vaginally
- Topically
- Nasally
- in the Ear
7
Q
What is the reason to make a non-sterile compound?
A
- if the dose or formulation is not available
- Avoid certain excipiants
- Add flavors
8
Q
What are some of the Space Requirements for Non-sterile Compounding?
-
A
- Specific Spot to do it in [NOTHING ON THE FLOOR]
- Temperature checked daily within pharmacy
- Access to plumbing [Hot, Cold, Purified water]
9
Q
What are the two types of balences used in nonsterile compounding?
A
- Class III Torsion balence [not used as much]
- Toploader Electronic Balence [better to use]
10
Q
What are the two types of graduateds that are used in nonsterile compounding?
A
- Cylinder [best to use]
- Conical
11
Q
What is important to know about measuring using a graduated cylinder in nonsterile compounding?
A
- the meniscus needs to be on the line
12
Q
What is important to know about measuring with syringes in nonsterile compounding?
A
- best for smaller volumes
13
Q
What are the different mortars that are used and what is the importance of each?
A
- Glass: best for liquids & oily compounds
- Wedgwood: rough surface good for grinding
- Porcelan: smooth surface good or powders
14
Q
What are surfactents?
A
- SURFace ACTive agENTs that lower the surface tension of 2 ingredents making them easier to mix
15
Q
What is important to know about Surfactents?
are they hydrophillic or hydrophobic?
A
- Amphiphillic meaning both Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic
16
Q
What are wetting agents?
A
- OR levigating agents
- reduce surface tension between liquids and solids
17
Q
What are some of the common levigating agents that are used in nonsterile compounding
A
- Mineral Oil for Lipophilic [oil-solube] compounds
- Glycerin and Propylene Glycol for Aqueous [water-solube] compounds
18
Q
What is a Suspension?
A
- A solid dispersed in a liquid
19
Q
What are suspending agents
A
- added to suspensions to keep the solid particles from settling
- DO need to shake to redisperse suspensions
20
Q
What are Emulsifiers
A
- two or more liquiuds that are NOT able to mix together
- helps keep liquid droplets dipersed in a liquid vehicle
21
Q
What is the purpose of Binders?
A
- Help things stick together [opposite of lubricants]
22
Q
What is the purpose of diluents and fillers?
A
- add size to very small doses
23
Q
What is the purpose of disintegrants?
A
- helps with breaking up oral componuds
24
Q
What is the purpose of flavorings and coloring agents?
A
- makes them look and taste better`
25
What is the **purpose** of **lubricants**?
- prevents sticking together [opposite of binders]
26
What is the **purpose** of **preservatives**?
- prevents microorgansims from growing
27
What are some **examples** of **binders**?
- Acacia
- **Starch Paste**
- Sucrose Syrup
- Compressable Sugars
28
What are some **examples** of **Dilutents and fillers**?
- Tablets/Capsule: Lactose, Starches, Calcium Salts, Cellulose Powders
- Liquids: Water, Glycerin, Alcohol
- Topicals: Petrolatum
29
What are some **examples** of **disintegrants**?
- Alginic acid
- Cellulose products
- Starches
30
What are some **examples** of **Flavoring and colorings**?
- Sweeteners: **Aspartame, Sucralose, Glycerin, Dextrose, Mannitol, Sorbitol, Stevia**
- Coloring agents: D&C Red No. 3, Yellow No. 6, Caramel
31
What are some **examples** of **lubricants**?
- **Magnesium Stearate**
- PEG, Glycerin, Mineral Oil
32
What are some **examples** of **Preservatives**?
- Cholrhexidine
- Povidone Iodine
- Sodium Benzoate
- Sorbic Acid
- EDTA
- Thimerosal
- Cetylpyridinum Chloride
33
What is the **purpose** of **buffer**?
- Keeps pH in a specific range
34
What is the **purpose** of **adsorbents**?
- Keeps powders dry and prevents hydrolysis reactons
35
What is the **purpose** of **anti-foaming agents**?
- break up and inhibit formation of foam
36
What is the **purpose** of **coating (regular)**?
- prevents degradation due to oxygen, light, and moisture
37
What is the **purpose** of **gelling (thickening) agents**?
- increase viscosity = better stability
38
What is the **purpose** of **humectants**?
- prevents becoming dry and brittle
39
What are some **examples** of **adsorbents**?
- Magnesium oxide/carbonate
- Kaolin
40
What are some **examples** of **anti-foaming agents**?
- simethicone
41
What are some **examples** of **coating (regular)**?
- Shellac, Gelatin, Glutin (food grade)
- Cellulose
42
What are some **examples** of **gelling (thickening agents)**?
- Agar, Alginates, Gums [guar, xanthan], gelatins, etc
43
What are some **examples** of **humectants**?
- Glycerin or glycerol
- Propylene Glycol
- PEG
44
What is the **purpose** of **water**?
- used as a deliver vehicle and for cleaning
45
What is the **purpose** of **sterile water**?
- Preparing and reconstitution of sterile products
46
What is the **purpose** of **alcohols**?
- mixes with water easily and can dissolve things that wouldnt normally be in water
47
What is the **purpose** of **glycols**?
- have low freezing point and high bioling point
48
What is an **Emollients [moisturizer]**
- helps soften and sooth the skin
49
What are the **types** of **emolliments [moisturizers]** that are used?
- Ointments: best for extremely dry skin
- Creams: best for normal and dry skin
- Lotions: have most water and best for oily skin
50
What are some **excipients** that should be **avoided** in some patients?
| -
- Alcohols [in childern]
- Aspartame [in phenylketonuria]
- Gelatin [in celiac disease]
- Lactose [in lactose intolerant]
- Preservatives [in Neonates]
- Sorbitol [ in IBS]
- Sucrose [in diabetes]
- Xylitol [in dogs?]
