Non Regenerative Bone Marrow Flashcards
In a non regenerative anemia, size is not usually helpful except in ______ induced microcytosis
FeLV
What is the difference between erythrocytes hypoplasia and aplasia?
Hypoplasia-> red cell production is decreased
Aplasia -> no red cell production
What are the general causes of aplasia anemia?
Infectious agent (eg ehrlicia, FeLV) Immune-mediated destruction Drugs or chemicals
An infectious agent of cats that can cause aplastic anemia?
FeLV
An infectous agent of doggos that can cause aplasitic anemia
Ehrlichia canis
An infectous agent of horses that can cause aplastic anemia
Equine infectious anemia virus (lenivirus)
T/F: pure red cell aplasia is rare
True
Immune mediated aplastic anemia is usually due to ______________ directed against stem cells
Antibodies
What are intrinsic causes of erythroid hypoplasia
Myelodysplasia
Leukemia
Immune-mediated destruction of erythroid precursor
What are extrinsic factors causing erythroid hypoplaisa
Chronic renal disease
Endocrine disorders
Inflammatory disease
How does renal disease contribute to anemia
Insufficient erythropoietin Uremic toxins Excess parathyroid Hypocalcemia (vitamin D is not converted to calcitonin) Bleeding tendencies
In a mid-moderate anemia
Non-regenerative
Low serum iron
Increased storage iron
Anemia of inflammatory disease
–> RBC decreased due to unavailability of iron or inflammatory cytokines
LPS of gram negative bacteria and IL6 induce production of ___________ in the liver. This peptide prevents cellular efflux of iron by binding to and inducing degradation of ferroportin (transporter of iron)
Hepcidin
LPS can down regulate divalent metal transporter (DMT1) expression that will inhibit absorption of _________ in the duodenum
Iron
__________ will up regulate DMT on macrhophages resulting in increased iron uptake into cells
Cytokines
IL10 will increased ____________ receptors on machrophages to increase iron uptake
Transferrin
TNFa, IL6, and IL10 up regulate _________ expression promoting promoting storage and retention of iron
Ferritin
How does hypothyroidism contribute to anemia
Mild anemia
Decreased metabolic rate
What to endocrine disorders can cause an endocriopathy-related aneima
Hypothyroidism
Hypoadrenocorticism
CASE -10yr old cat
PCV 17% (low)
Rectics 80 (low)
T Protein 8.2 (high)
Lymphs 1.0 (low)
Glucose 328 (high)
Phos 1.9 (low)
Alb 4.3 (high)
Blood smear -> heinz bodies
What in the world could this be???
PCV-> anemia
Rectics -> non regenerative
Glucose -> diabetes (can also cause heinz bodies)
Lymph -> stress
Interpretation: Hemolytic anemia due to heinz bodies
