Intestinal Lab Evaluation Flashcards
If fecal blood is grossly visible, where is the origin of the bleed?
Lower GI (colonic)
If fecal blood is occult, where is the origin of the bleeding?
Upper GI (melena)
What are indications the there is fecal occult blood?
Unexplained diarrhea or loose stool
Unexplained microcytic anemia
Ulcerogenic drugs
History of GI tract tumors
Fecal occult blood measures ________________ and is 20-50x more sensitive than gross examination
Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin
What can cause a false positive fecal occult blood test?
Myoglobin/hemoglobin in meats
Some fresh vegetables contain peroxidase
–> dietary restriction for 3 days prior
What can cause false negative fecal occult blood tests?
High vit C intake
High fluid content can dilute blood
Blood is not uniformly distributed in sample
Reader error
In a fecal cytology, you see neutrophils, what is this due to?
Colonic inflmmation
Eosinophils can be present in fecal cytology in what condition?
Eosinophilic colitis
T/F: a pleomorphic population of bacteria in the GI tract is indicative of infection?
False
Pleomorphic is normal
Uniform–> abnormal overgrowth
What appears as a safety pin in a fecal cytology?
Clostridium spore
What bacteria is “gull winged” shaped in a fecal cytology
Campylobacter
What is the difference between exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) and malabsorption
EPI = inadequate food digestion
Malabsorption = disease preventing absorption
Exocrine pancreastic insufficiency in dogs is usually due to??
Pancreatic acinar atrophy -immune mediated destruction of pancreas
What are the causes of maldigestion?
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Bile acid insufficiency (rare)
Chronic biliary obstruction
Serum bile acids increased
Is it malabsorption or maldigestion?
Voluminous, poorly formed stool, flatulence, and foul odor
Maldigestion