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RUSVM Clinical Pathology > Erythrocyte Morphology > Flashcards

Erythrocyte Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean to have a macrocyctic anemia?

A

Regeneration -> immature cells

Mean volume of the cells is greater than the reference value

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2
Q

What does it mean to have a microcytic anemia?

A

Iron deficiency

Red cells undergo more divisions than normal

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3
Q

Hypochromasia is associated with??

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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4
Q

Polychromasia is associated with ???

A

Recticulocytes - immature RBC

Regeneration

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5
Q

If you have polychromatic cells, anemia is most likely due to??

A

Blood loss or blood destruction

Rectics= recovering marrow

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6
Q

What are the speculated types of RBC?

A

Acanothocytes

Echinocytes

Keratocytes

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7
Q

A RBC with numberous short spices that are all about the same length are called?

A

Echinocytes

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8
Q

What are echinocytes associated with in Vivo?

A

Electrolyte imbalances

Non-specific disease (eg kidney disease)

Rattle snake envenomation

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9
Q

RBCs that have a few unevenly distributed projections are called??

A

Acanothcytes

Due to changes in lipid concentration in RBC membrane

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10
Q

What are acanthocytes associated with?

A

Cat- hepatic lipidosis

Dog- hemangiosarcoma

Human- liver disease

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11
Q

Erythrocytes are AKA

A

Schistocytes

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12
Q

What are schistocytes associated with?

A

Intravascular trauma (eg DIC or vascular tumors)

Iron deficiency anemia

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13
Q

RBCS that have an vacuole or one/two long spicules

A

Keratocytes

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14
Q

Keratocytes are associated with what disease

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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15
Q

RBC that lacks a central pallor but has a normal volume is called? And is suggestive of what disese?

A

Spherocytes

Immune mediated hemolytic anemia

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16
Q

RBCs that have a off-centered clear zone that is due to the shifting of hemoglobin to one side of the cell

A

Eccentrocytes

17
Q

Presence of eccentrocytes is associated with??

A

Oxidative damage

Eg onion ingestion
Often seen with heniz body formation

18
Q

What are “bowl” shaped cells called?

A

Leptocytes

19
Q

What are “target” shaped cells called?

A

Codocytes

20
Q

What type of cells are most common in high cholesterol or hypothyroid patients?

A

Codocytes (target cells)

21
Q

RBCs that have a mouth like clear area in the center are called___________

A

Stomatocytes

22
Q

What are stomatocytes associated with??

A

Hereditary stomatocytoiss

  • Alaskan malamutes-> dwarfism
  • Minature schnauzers -> not clinically sig
  • Drentse parttrijshond -> GI tract abnormality
23
Q

What is a heinz body?

A

Oxidatively denatured hemoglobin

24
Q

What are causes of Heinz bodies in cats?

A

Aceptominphen
Propylene glycol
Illness- lymphoma, hyperthyroid , diabetes

Onion

25
Q

What are causes of Heinz bodies in horses

A

Phenothiazine

Whilted red maple leaves

26
Q

What are causes of Heinz body anemia in cattle

A

Kale or onion

27
Q

Cause of Heinz body anemia in sheep

A

Copper toxicosis

28
Q

What do you call an abnormal aggregation of ribosomes that appear as small basophilic granules?

A

Basophilic stippling

29
Q

T/F: basophilic stippling is normal in ruminants?

A

True

30
Q

If you see basophilic stippling in small animals you should concider??

A

Lead poisoning

31
Q

A large amount of Howell-Jolly bodies in a blood smear could be caused by ___________, but a few are normally seen in regenerative anemias or following splenectomy

A

Lead poisoning

32
Q

What is the erythroid maturation sequence?

A

Rubriblast > prorubricyte > rubricyte > metarubrictye > recticulocytes (polychromatophils) > mature RBC

33
Q

What are RBC parasites of dogs and cats?

A

Mycoplasma hemofelis
Cytauxzoon felis

Mycoplasma hemocanis
Babesia canis and gibsoni

34
Q

What RBC parasite of dog, is usually rare and more commonly seen in spleneconmized or non-functional spleens

A

Mycoplasma hemocanis

35
Q

What RBC parasite of cattle is usually seen between RBC because they fall off the cells easily in a blood smear

A

Mycoplasma wenyoni

36
Q

Tick borne RBC parasite of cattle

A

Anaplasma marginale

37
Q

Light areas in RBC of dogs

A

Distemper viral inclusions

38
Q

Rouleaux formation in normal in what animals sp? In other animals it suggests what?

A

Horse -> normal

Small animal –> increased globulin

39
Q

What is agglutination suggestive of?

A

Attachments to RBC (eg IMHA)

RUSVM Clinical Pathology (18 decks)

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