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Pathology > Non-neoplastic skin > Flashcards

Non-neoplastic skin Flashcards

1
Q

acute inflammatory dermatosis with spongiosis and formation of intraepidermal vesicles

A

Acute Eczematous Dermatosis (Eczema)

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2
Q

oozing/ crusted erythematous papulovesicular lesion with pruritic scaling plaques

A

Eczema

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3
Q

Self limiting Type 4 hypersensitive acute inflammatory dermatosis with keratinocyte injury mediated by CD8+ T cells

A

Erythema Multiforme

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4
Q

Causes of erythema multiforme

A

Infection

  • HSV
  • Histoplasma
  • Coccidiomycosis
  • Typhoid
  • Leprosy

Drugs

  • Sulfa
  • Penicillins
  • Barbiturates
  • Salicylates
  • Hydantoins
  • Anti-malarials

SLE

Polyarteritis nodosa

Dermatomyositis

Immunizations

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5
Q
  • Erythematous maculopapular rash, progressing into target lesions
  • Pruritic or burning sensations
  • symmetrical distribution to dorsal hands and feet, followed by proximal spread
  • can include palms and soles
  • only in major case will mucocutaneous surfaces be affected
A

Clinical Presentation of Erythema Multiforme

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6
Q

What is the difference between Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and TEN?

A

SJS is less than 10% of total body surface

TEN includes > 30% of the body’s surface

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7
Q

Leukopenia

increased BUN

Increased transaminases

Hyperglycemia

subepidermal splitting at dermo-epidermal junction

A

Diagnostics of SJS/ TEN

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8
Q

Infections

  • CMV
  • Herpes
  • Mycoplasma

Drugs

  • Sulfa
  • Aminopenicillins
  • Rifampin
  • Corticosteroids
  • Nevirapine
  • Antiepileptics
  • Piroxicam
  • Allopurinol

Vaccinations

Graft vs Host Disease

A

Triggers of SJS/ TEN

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9
Q

Prodromal Phase

ALWAYS has Mucocutaneous Manifestations

Positive Nikolsky sign

Necrosis and sloughing of full epidermal thickness

Involves face and trunk

Lesions form bullae/ vesicles

A

Clinical Presentation of SJS/ TEN

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10
Q

Chronic inflammatory dermatosis with sensitized CD4+ T cells causing keratinocyte death by CD8+ T cells

Leads to hyperkeratosis

A

Psoriasis Pathology

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11
Q

Associations of Psoriasis

A

arthritis

myopathy

enteropathy

staph/ strep infections

mechanical irritation

Drugs (beta-blockers, chloroquine, lithium, interferon)

HLA-Cw

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12
Q

Diagnostics of Psoriasis

A

positive Auspitz sign

increased inflammatory markers

stratum corneum cells still have nuclei

increased stratum corneum

decreased stratum granulosum

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13
Q

What is an Auspitz sign

A

small pinpoint bleeding that occurs when scaled skin is scraped off

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14
Q

Acanthosis

Parakeratosis

Munro microabscesses

A

Psoriasis Morphology

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15
Q

Well demarcated pink plaques covered by loosely adherent silver scales

primarily appears in extensor surfaces

pruritis

Koebner phenomenon

Positive Auspitz sign

A

Psoriasis

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16
Q

acanthosis

A

epidermal hyperplasia

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17
Q

Wickham’s striae

A

pattern of white lines on lesion surface

18
Q

Koebner Phenomenon

A

physical stimuli leading to skin lesions typical of underlying condition on previously healthy skin

19
Q

oily skin

stress

androgenic alopecia

immunodeficiency

familial history

increased sebum production

Malassezia furfur

A

Associations of seborrheic dermatitis

20
Q

Erythematous plaques with patchy scaling and greasy yellow crusting

usually distributed along areas of hair and oily skin

dandruff

pruritis/ burning sensations

originates in the dermis

A

Clinical presentation of seborrheic dermatitis

21
Q

Pathology of seborrheic dermatitis

A

increased sebum production and colonization of yeasts in sebaceous areas or exposure to irritants

22
Q

Chronic, but Self-limited CD8+ immune response associated with Hep C

A

Lichen Planus

23
Q

Diagnostics of Lichen Planus

A

Wickham’s striae

Band-like lymphocytes at dermo-epidermal junction

irregular saw tooth acanthosis

hyperkeratosis

wedge-shaped hypergranulosis

24
Q

Purple, pruritic, planar, polygonal, papules and plaques of the skin and mucosa

involves stratum corneum and granulosum

A

Lichen planus

25
Q

Antibody-mediated attack against desmogleins 1&3 causing the disruption of intercellular adhesions

A

Pathology of Pemphigus Vulgaris

26
Q

Drugs

  • ACE Inhibitors
  • Penicillamine
  • Phenobarbitol
  • Penicillins

Viruses

UV radiation

Diet changes

Paraneoplastic syndromes

A

Associations of Pemphigus Vulgaris

27
Q

Easily rupturable thin roofed bullae

spontaneous flaccid intraepidermal blisters on the oral mucosa and skin

shallow erosions covered with dried serum and crust

Re-epithelialization with hyperpigmentation

No Scarring

A

Clinical presentation of Pemphigus Vulgaris

28
Q

Positive Nikolsky sign

Positive Tzank smear

Deposition of IgG in a fishnet pattern in intracellular epidermal spaces

Suprabasal acantholysis, forming intraepidermal blisters

Single layer of intact basal cells that form tombstone blister

A

Diagnostics and Morphology of Pemphigus Vulgaris

29
Q

Most common bullous autoimmune disease

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

30
Q

Antibodies against hemidesmosomes cause separation of basal keratinocytes from the basement membrane, forming bullae

A

Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid

31
Q

Antibodies against BPAg1 &2

Subepidermal vesicle formation

eosinophil rich infiltrates underlying the dermis

Linear deposition of complement and Ig/ C3 along the dermo-epidermal junction

A

Diagnostics and morphology of Bullous Pemphigoid

32
Q

Tense subepidermal blisters that are hard to rupture

ulcers form in the place of ruptured blisters

intensely pruritic lesions that heal without scar formation

A

Clinical presentation of Bullous Pemphigoid

33
Q

HLA-DR3

HLA-DQ2

Sensitivity to potassium iodide

Celiac Disease

A

Associations of Dermatitis Herpetiformis

34
Q

Antibodies against tissue transglutaminases and endomysium

Subepidermal vesicle formation

Neutrophilic papillary microabscesses

Deposition of granular IgA in dermal papillae

A

Diagnostics and Morphology of Dermatitis Herpetiformis

35
Q

urticaria

pruritic plaques and groups of vesicles

distributed symmetrically

usually on extensor surfaces

A

Clinical presentation of Dermatitis Herpetiformis

36
Q

Nikolsy sign

A

upper epidermal layer is easily removed by rubing

separates dermis and forms a blister

37
Q

Tzank test relevance in Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

shows presence of multinucleated giant cells

38
Q

Acantholysis

A

separation of epidermal cells due to dissolution of intercellular bridges

39
Q

What is the purpose of Reticulin

A

component of anchoring fibrils that tether epidermal basement membranes to the superficial dermis

  • composed of collagen III, causing limited elasticity by good tensile strength
40
Q
A

Pathology (18 decks)

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