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Pathology > Bone Disorder Pathology > Flashcards

Bone Disorder Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Labs for osteoporosis

A

all normal

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2
Q

Labs for osteopetrosis

A

all normal

maybe decreased calcium in severe malignant disease

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3
Q

Labs for Paget Disease

A

increased ALP

look for mosaic pattern of bone architecture

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4
Q

Labs of primary hyperthyroidism

A

increased calcium
decreased phosphate
increased ALP
increased PTH

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5
Q

Labs of secondary hyperthyroidism (CKD)

A

decreased calcium
increased phosphate
increased ALP
Increased PTH

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6
Q

Labs of Vitamin D Deficiency

A

decreased calcium and phosphate

increased ALP and PTH

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7
Q

Labs of Hyper Vitamin D

A

increased calcium and phosphate
normal ALP
decreased PTH

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8
Q

Associations of Osteoporosis

A

Polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL and OPG
Estrogen deficiency
pathologic fractures
reduced proliferation of osteoblasts/ increased proliferation of osteoclasts

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9
Q

DEXA

A

Osteopenia

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10
Q

DEXA

A

Osteoporosis

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11
Q

Clinical presentation of osteoporosis

A

pathologic fractures
back pain secondary to vertebral compression
decreased height
thoracic hyperkyphosis

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12
Q

Osteoporosis treatments

A 
increase calcium
bisphosphonates
PTH analogs
Raloxifene
Denosumab
Estrogen
Increased activity
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13
Q

Associations of Paget disease

A

Men > women

modulation of Vitamin D sensitivity and ILS secretion by virally infected osteoclasts

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14
Q

Pathology of Paget Disease

A

Increased RANK/ RANKL activity and NK-kB signaling

Increased osteoclast activity yielding increased osteoblast activity, creating disorganized woven bone

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15
Q

Morphology of Paget Disease

A

deformed bones with sclerotic and osteolytic lesions
thickened cortical bone with coarsened trabeculae
cotton wool appearance on skull XR- Lion face
Disruption/ fusion of sacroiliac joints

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16
Q

Clinical presentation of Paget Disease

A 
increased skull size
bone pain
bony deformities 
cranial nerve deficits 
chalk stick pathologic fractures of long bones
17
Q

Treatment of Paget Disease

A

Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin Therapy
Vitamin D + Calcium
NSAIDs

18
Q

Morphology of Vitamin D deficiency

A

Thin cortices
Pseudofractures/ looser zones of transverse bands with radiolucency, indicating defective calcification of osteoid
growth plates in long bones are less defined and show cupping/ stippling/ fraying

19
Q

Clinical Presentation of Vitamin D deficiency

A 
bone pain
pathologic fractures
waddling gait
muscle weakness
muscle spasms
bone deformities
20
Q

what causes avascular necrosis

A 
corticosteroids
alcoholism
sickle cell
trauma
decompression disease (the bends)
Gaucher Disease

Pathology (18 decks)

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