Blood Flashcards
Factors that limit coagulation
Simple diffusion
Requirement for negatively charged particles
Factors exposed by intact endothelium
how does simple diffusion limit coagulation
when blood flows past the site of injury, it washes out the activated coagulation factors
what provides negatively charged phospholipids to activate coagulation
platelets that have had contact with the subendothelial matrix at sites of vascular injury
Things that activate factor 12
collagen
negative charges
basement membrane
activated platelets
HMWK
what inhibits factor 12
Pre-kallikrein deficiency
ACR inhibitors
C1 Inhibitors
what happens when there is a deficiency in factor 12
the patient does not have an increased bleeding time, but will be more susceptible to thrombi
Activators of factor 9
Vitamin K
11a
calcium
inhibitors of factor 9
warfarin
activators of factor 8
2a
calcium
inhibitors of factor 8
Protein C
what increases the half life of factor 8
binding to vWF while in circulation
activators of factor 7
vitamin K
endothelial damage
calcium
tissue factor
inhibitors of factor 7
warfarin
activators of factor 10
vitamin K
calcium
factor 9
factor 8
inhibitors of factor 10
warfarin
antithrombin
heparin
direct 10a inhibitors
tissue factor pathway inhibtor
activators of factor 5
2a
inhibitors of factor 5
protein C
purpose of Factor 5
activate thrombin (factor 2a), so that it can form the fibrin polymer
Factor 2a (Thrombin) Activators
10a
5a
Factor 2a (Thrombin) Inhibitors
Antithrombin
Heparin
Direct thrombin inhibitors
What does thrombin/ factor 2a activate
factors: 1a, 8a, 5a, 13a, thrombomodulin
Factor 1
Fibrinogen; becomes activated by thrombin to make fibrin polymer
what does factor 13a do
cross-links fibrin clot to stabilize fibrin plug
activators of factor 13
2a
calcium
Purpose of calcium/ factor 4
indices clotting when released from activated platelets
clotting inhibited by EDTA
what activates plasmin
tPA
antithrombin
thrombolytics
Primary Fibrinolysis
cause and labs
Cause: overactive plasmin
Labs: increased fibrin split products but Normal D Dimer
increased PT/PTT
conditions associated with overactive plasmin
Prostate cancer: due to release of urokinase
Loss of alpha antitrypsin in liver cirrosis
what inhibits formation of plasmin
aminocaproic acid
alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor
what activates vitamin K
epoxide reductase
inhibitors od vitamin K
depleted gut flora
warfarin
malabsorption
purpose of epoxide reductase
cofactor for GGT, which activates factors 2,7,9,10, Proteins C & C
