non experimental

Question 1

questionnaire strengths

Answer 1

easily distributable
easily replicable-increased reliability
close ended questioins are straight forward and easily analysed
useful for socially sensitive info

Question 2

questionnaire weaknesses

Answer 2

social desirability bias- decreasse validity
anonymity can make less truthful
no follow up questions
close ended questions restrict data

Question 3

types of questionnaires

Answer 3

close
open

Question 4

interview strengths

Answer 4

better awareness of truthfulness as face to face
follow up qs

Question 5

interview weaknesses

Answer 5

interviewer bias-validity
time consuming transcribing interview data
social desirability bias-validity

Question 6

interviewer bias

Answer 6

a type of bias where the characteristics or behavior of the interviewer unintentionally influences the responses given by the interviewee

Question 7

case study

Answer 7

detailed in depth analysis of an individual or small group
longitudinal with a lot of data and many sources

Question 8

case study strengths

Answer 8

rich detailed insight enabling study of atypical behaviour
used to support/challenge other larger scale research

Question 9

case study weaknesses

Answer 9

prone to researcher bias
unreliable due to non replicability, has little population validity

Question 10

population validity

Answer 10

the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to a wider population beyond the specific sample used

Question 11

face validity

Answer 11

a way to assess whether a test or assessment appears to measure what it’s intended to measure

Question 12

content analysis

Answer 12

studying peoples behaviour indirectly through media, coding this data and producing quantitative data by categorising the data into meaningful units

Question 13

content analysis strengths

Answer 13

detailed indepth analysis
comparable results
presented graphically

Question 14

content analysis weaknesses

Answer 14

subjective nature of creating themes and coding units-investigator bias
time consuming

Question 15

thematic analysis

Answer 15

any recurrent emerging themes often from content analysis are studied in more depth, more descriptive

Question 16

correlation coefficient

Answer 16

number between -1 and +1 that shows strength and direction ot the relationship between two covariables

Question 17

correlation vs experiment

Answer 17

correlation=assessing rs between 2 covariables, no cause and effect
experiment=significant difference, cause and effect between IV and DV

Question 18

strengths of correlation

Answer 18

useful starting point for research
relatively economical-usually uses secondary data

Question 19

weaknesses correlation

Answer 19

no cause and effect- co variables doesnt mean direct link
intervening variables may explain relationship also and lead to false conclusions

Question 20

alternative hypotheses

Answer 20

not the same as experimental hypotheses
still clearly states expected rs between two covariables and operationalised

Question 21

directional

Answer 21

greater or lesser, positive or negative

Question 22

non directional

Answer 22

no direction, used w no theory or contradictory
eg. there is a correlation

Question 23

meta analysis

Answer 23

combing results from a no of studies to provide an overall view/conclusion

Question 24

meta strength

Answer 24

less ethical issues
larger varied samples- generalisibility= validity

Question 25

meta weaknesses

Answer 25

publication bias- researcher handpicking studies to not fully rep
secondary data- accuracy?