Non-Carious Hard Tissue Loss Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

6 causes of non-carious/ perio tooth loss and define

A
  • attrition: tooth to tooth frictional wear
  • abrasion: physical wear other than by tooth
  • erosion: chemical non-bacterial dissolution (acid)
  • abfraction: tensile/ shear stresses weakening enamel prisms (micro-fractures)
  • resorption (roots)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

critical pH. what happens below

A

5.5

below this, tooth erodes, lose enamel prisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when does tooth wear become significant 3

A

when it causes problems with

  • function
  • aesthetics
  • sensitivity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

% population with

a. tooth wear
b. pathological tooth wear

A

a. tooth wear: 97%

b. pathological tooth wear : 7%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 classifications of erosion

A
  • extrinsic: exogenous acids (occupation, diet)

intrinsic: endogenous acids (GI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

examples of dietary factors that cause erosion

A
  • drinks: smoothies, herbal tea, sports drinks, wine, juice, coke
  • food: citrus fruit, pickles, yoghurt, salad dressing, vinegar, indian food
  • medicaments: lemsip, vit C, iron tonics, aspiriin, mouthwash
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lifestyle factors that cause erosion

A
  • industrial: acid fumes
  • wine tasters
  • swimmers in chlorinated pools
  • sportsment (acidic drinks)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

5 factors that influence impact of extrinsic erosion

A
  • frequency
  • pH/ buffering capacity
  • method of consumption (eg swishing worse than straw)
  • time (night-time worse)
  • temperature (worse with heat eg herbal teas, lemsip)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

relationship between non-carious tooth loss factors

A

non-proportional: >1 factor causes a lot more damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

development of taste buds and relevance

A

children don’t have taste buds until they are exposed to those stimuli –> if they are never given sweets, they won’t want them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

compare deciduous and permanent teeth terms of erosion/ caries susceptibility

A

deciduous: enamel more porous, thinner, less mineralised –> more susceptible to caries and erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

causes of intrinsic erosion

A
  • GORD
  • pregnancy
  • diabetes
  • neurological, psychosomatic and CNS disorders eg bolemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prevalence of GORD

A

7%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

causes of GORD

A

chronic alcoholism, GI ulcers, hiatus hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

prevalence of eating disorders in females

A

0.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

prevalence of alcoholism in genders

A

M: 1/5
F: 1/8

17
Q

explain voluntary regurgitation

A

‘chewing the cud’
vomit in to mouth, chew and swallow again
common in stress, cerebral palsy, institutionalised

18
Q

effect of pregnancy on vomiting

A

1st trimester- morning sickness

3rd trimester: regurgitation

19
Q

likely cause of erosion

a. anterior teeth external/incisal
b. posterior teeth occlusal
c. palatal surface

A

a. anterior teeth external/incisal: acidic fruits
b. posterior teeth occlusal: acidic drinks
c. palatal surface: intrinsic (vomiting)

20
Q

common sites for attrition

A
  • proximal contacts points during function
  • supporting cusp tips during grinding
  • guiding surfaces during grinding
21
Q

freq of attrition needed to be noticable

A

heavy forces >35 mins/24 hours (remember mosst grinding occurs at night during sleep)

22
Q

is pathology more freq in attrition or erosion

A

erosion

23
Q

% population affected by bruxism

A

up to 96%

24
Q

% of normal biting force when grinding

A

30-60%

25
Q

causes of bruxism

A
  • anxiety/ stress

- ecstacy, MD, meth (gurning)

26
Q

do people with attrition have canine or group function and why

A

group function. canines worn down by attrition

27
Q

attrition or erosion what causes

a. enamel and dentine wearing at equal rate
b. proud restorations
c. tooth mobility
d. cupping of molars
e. more breakdown of enamel than dentine

A

a. enamel and dentine wearing at equal rate: attrition
b. proud restorations: erosion
c. tooth mobility: attrition
d. cupping of molars: erosion
e. more breakdown of enamel than dentine: erosion

28
Q

risk factors for abrasion

A
occupational eg hairdressers (hairpins in mouth)
carpet layers (carpet in mouth) etc
-too hard tooth brushing 
-flossing incorrectly 
-porcelain crowns
29
Q

most common sites for abrasion

A

buccal/labial surface of incisors, canines, premolars

30
Q

physiological amount of enamel wear/yr

A

20-40 microns/yr

31
Q

impact on abrasion:

a. gold
b. amalgam
c. porcelain
d. NiCr
e. acrylic
f. composites

A

a. gold: least abrasion
b. amalgam: ok
c. porcelain: v bad, lots of abrasion
d. NiCr: more abrasive than enamel
e. acrylic: less abrasive than enamel
f. composites: depends on filler size (larger filler = better aesthetics but more abrasive)

32
Q

explain abfraction

A

occlusal loads –> cusps FLEX (esp premolars) –> deform enamel at cervical margin –> enamel pings off

33
Q

difference in appearance between adfraction and abrasion cavities

A

abfraction cavities deeper, more defined notch

34
Q

3 causes of root resorption

A
  • developmental (deciduous teeth during exfoliation)
  • pathological (dentigenerous cysts, space-occupying lesions)
  • idiopathic (eg following trauma/ infection)
35
Q

effect on roots of

a. benign lesion
b. malignant lesion

A

a. benign lesion: pushes roots apart. tooth stays vital

b. malignant lesion: eats in to roots, –> non vital tooth

36
Q

3 types of resorption

A
  • external inflammatory resorption: TTP, discolouration, mobility
  • external surface resorption: usually apical after trauma/ ortho/ re-implantation
  • internal resorption: pink spot, starts at pulp and moves outwards. cervical 1/3. usually asymptommatic