non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Flashcards

1
Q

what is the NAFLD spectrum?

A

Steatosis
Steatohepatitis
Fibrosis
Cirrhosis

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2
Q

define Steatosis?

A

fat in liver

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3
Q

define Steatohepatitis?

A

fat in liver with inflammation

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4
Q

what is the equivalent to NAFLD if alcohol is the cause?

A

alcoholic fatty liver disease

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5
Q

what is the equivalent to steatohepatitis if alcohol is the cause?

A

alcoholic hepatitis

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6
Q

NAFLD is basically a consequence of what?

A

metabolic syndrome

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7
Q

NAFLD is most common cause of liver disease.

true or false?

A

true

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8
Q

what type of diagnosis is NAFLD

A

Diagnosis of exclusion

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9
Q

Morphological changes between alcoholic fatty liver disease and NAFLD are identical.

true or false.

A

true

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10
Q

causes of liver cirrhosis?

-5

A
alcohol
 NAFLD
 Hep B & C 
autoimmune hepatitis
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
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11
Q

what are the 5 components of metabolic syndrome

A
Obese 
T2DM 
Hyperlipidaemia
HTN  
low HDL
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12
Q

Risk factors for NAFLD?

-7

A
Obese 
T2DM 
Hyperlipidaemia
HTN  
low HDL
Jejunoileal bypass 
Sudden weight loss/starvation
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13
Q

why does liver cirrhosis cause hypersplenism.

what will an FBC look like for hypersplenism?
- 2

A

portal HTN

anaemia + thrombocytopaenia

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14
Q

how does liver cirrhosis change Na+ levels?

and through what mechanism?

A

↓Na+

↑ADH

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15
Q

detail the pathophysiology on how metabolic syndrome causes fat in the liver?
- 2

A

o Metabolic syndrome –> insulin insensitivity –> glucose does not go into cells, body thinks it is starving –> ↑fatty acid production –> fat in liver

o Insulin insensitivity –> fatty acids not oxidised*

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16
Q

which Ix tells you how stiff the liver is?

and a stiff liver is a sign of what?

A

Transient elastography

More stiffness = more fibrosis

17
Q

which metabolic process breaks down fatty acids?

A

beta oxidation

18
Q

main sign of NAFLD on examination?

A

hepatomegaly

19
Q

NAFLD is usually asymptomatic.

true or false?

A

true

20
Q

ALP will be higher than AST.

true or false

A

false

21
Q

name of the blood test to check liver fibrosis?

A

ELF (enhanced liver fibrosis)

22
Q

results of a lipid panel?

-4

A

↓HDL
↑elevated total cholesterol
↑LDL
↑triglyceride

23
Q

results of a LFT?

-3

A

↑↑AST
↑ALT
↑ALP

24
Q

in NAFLD LFTs are always abnormal.

true or false?

A

false

25
Q

1st line Mx?

A

Lifestyle changes – weight loss, diet etc

26
Q

pt with NAFLD has advanced fibrosis?

how do you manage as a GP?

A

refer to specialist

27
Q

pt with NAFLD has T2DM.

what drug do you give to control diabetes?

A

metformin

28
Q

surgery for Portal HTN?

A

intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

29
Q

thrombocytopaenia etymbology?

A

thrombo - clot
cyto - cell
paenia - poverty