Alcohol: units Flashcards
recommended units of alcohol per week?
14
is it recommended to binge drink your unit allowance in one day or spread it out through the week?
spread through the week
should pregnant women drink?
no
is it recommended that a woman looking to get pregnant can drink?
no
how many ml of pure ethanol in one unit of alcohol?
10
equation for calculating units?
(ml x ABV)/1000
what does ABV stand for?
what is the unit?
alcohol by volume
%
how many ml in one pint?
568
why do alcoholics get alcoholic ketoacidosis?
eat irregularly + vomit = starvation = malnourished = body breaks down fat to use ketones
what is ABG result in alcoholic ketoacidosis?
o Metabolic acidosis with elevated anion gap
acute treatment of alcoholic ketoacidosis?
-2
IV saline
+ thiamine
why is thiamine given?
stop Wernicke’s encephalopathy
what is the Wernicke’s encephalopathy triad?
ataxia
confusion
eye signs
AST:ALT ratio > 3 suggest what conition?
acute alcoholic hepatitis
In an acute setting what do you give for acute alcoholic hepatitis?
- 1
- drug name
prednisolone
Alcoholic liver disease is a spectrum,
what 3 diseases does it cover?
alcoholic fatty liver disease
alcoholic hepatitis
cirrhosis
through what mechanisms does alcohol damage the liver?
Ethanol –> breaks down to acetaldehyde –>disrupts cytoskeleton and metabolite function
Ethanol oxidized –> ROS made
ROS stimulated cytokine release –> IL-1, IL-6,, IL-8, TNF –> injure cells
what happens to ketone and glucose levels in alcoholic ketoacidosis?
o Elevated serum ketone levels
o Normal or low glucose concentration
Ethanol breaks down into what?
acetaldehyde
