coeliac Flashcards

1
Q

what alcoholic beverage contains gluten?

A

beer

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2
Q

does bread have gluten?

A

yes

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3
Q

does pasta have gluten?

A

yes

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4
Q

does rice have gluten?

A

no

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5
Q

does potatoes have gluten?

A

no

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6
Q

does oats have gluten?

A

yes

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7
Q

what molecule in gluten is most pathogenic?

A

gliadin

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8
Q

gliadin is deamidated by what enzyme?

which antibody is made against this enzyme?

A

tissue transglutaminase

IgA

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9
Q

which genes are almost always implicated in coelaic?

-2

A

HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8

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10
Q

what is the hallmark of coeliac?

A

malabsorption

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11
Q

which type of WBC is mainly implicated in coeliac?

A

lymphocytes

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12
Q

what happens to crypts?

A

hyperplasia

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13
Q

HLA-DQ2 presents peptides to what immune cell?

A

T-helper cell

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14
Q

which syndromes are associated with coeliac?

-2

A

Down’s syndrome

Turner’s syndrome

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15
Q

which autoimmune diseases are associated with coeliac?

-2

A

T1DM

autoimmune thyroid disease

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16
Q

histology of duodenum in coeliac?

-2

A

villous atrophy

crypt hyperplasia

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17
Q

why is there pale, floating stool?

A

fat malabsorption

18
Q

whys is there watery diarrhoea?

A

not absorbing water

19
Q

what skin condition can occur?

why?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

IgA deposits in skin

20
Q

is here high or low levels of circulating IgA in coeliac?

A

high IgA

21
Q

hallmark feature of coeliac specifically in children?

asides from malabsorption

A

child does not grow

22
Q

what happens to weight?

A

weight loss

23
Q

there is no constipation in coeliac.

true or false

A

false

24
Q

can you get diarrhoea?

A

yes

25
Q

why do coeliac patients need vaccination?

explain why the phenomena in the first answer happens?

A

hyposplenism

↓Folate, lymphocytes lost through GI we think

26
Q

coeliac has a lot of complications.

which are caused by vit D loss?
-3

A

Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia
Hyperparathyroidism

27
Q

low vitamin B1 can cause what complication in coeliac?

not heart or brain

A

peripheral neuropathy

28
Q

list all complications of coeliac?

-13

A
Dermatitis herpetiformis 
Malignancy 
Hyperparathyroidism 
Vit D loss
Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia 
Microcytic anaemia 
Macrocytic anaemia
Peripheral neuropathy 
Hyposplenism 
Lactose intolerance 
infection
sub-fertility
29
Q

why can
Microcytic anaemia
Macrocytic anaemia
happen in coeliac.

A

↓Fe

↓B12, ↓Folate

30
Q

character of diarrhoea in coeliac?

A

foul smelly oily, floating

31
Q

symptoms of coeliac?

-5

A
Diarrhoea 
N&V
Abdo pain 
Fatigue 
Weight loss
32
Q

1st line Ix?

positive result in this test?

A

Coeliac serology

↑↑IgA antibody against TTG*

33
Q

after initial 1st line Ix what Ix must be done to confirm diagnosis?

positive result on this Ix?
-3

A

Duodenal biopsy

villi destroyed + crypt hyperplasia + ↑lymphocytes

34
Q

what must pt be doing leading up to Coeliac serology?

A

eating gluten

35
Q

what Ix must be done alongside coeliac serology to stop false negative and why?

A

total IgA must be measured

a small proportion of pts are IgA deficient

36
Q

what is the definitive diagnostic pathway?

- two steps

A

Serology –> biopsy

37
Q

pt has suspected coeliac and a red vesciular rash.

what is definitive Ix to investigate the rash?

A

skin biopsy

38
Q

IgA is deficient.

what blood Ix is done now instead.

A

IgG antibody against Tissue Transglutaminase or Gliadin

39
Q

What is nutshell Mx for coeliac?

- 3 things

A

Gluten free diet

pneumococcal vaccine

diet supplements if needed

40
Q

treatment for dermatitis herpetiformis?

this drug belongs to which groups of meds?
-2

A

dapsone

antibiotic
anti-inflammatory