nomenclature Flashcards
prefixes in common system of naming alkanes
- “n” for straight chain
2.”iso” if the branch is on 2nd carbon of chain - “neo” if 2 branches on same carbon
prefixes in common sys of naming alkenes
we use suffix “ylene”
methane bcms methylene
IUPAC system of naming alkenes
use “ene”
indicate the position of double bond by telling on which no of carbon its present on
if multiple double bonds use di tri tetra etc.
1,4 pentdiene (double bond on 1 and 4 carbon)
prefixes in common sys of naming alkynes
we use acetylene
like methylacetylene
IUPAC system of naming alkynes
use “yne”
indicate the position of triple bond by telling on which no of carbon its present on
if multiple triple bonds use di tri tetra etc.
2 hexyne ( triple bond on 2nd carbon)
prefixes in common sys of naming alkyl halides ( prim sec ter neo and iso)
alkyl grp + halide
1. if the C bonded to halogen is further bonded with another C so its primary alkyl halide
2. if C bonded to halogen is further bonded to 2 more carbon so its secondry alkyl halide
3. if C bonded to X is further bonded to 3 carbons its tertiary alkyl halide
4. if the branch on 2nd carbon we use iso
5. if 2 branches on same carbon we use neo
prefixes in common sys of naming alcohol ( prim sec ter)
- alkyl + alcohol
- if carbon of OH further attach to 1 2 or 3 carbons we use primary secondary and tertiary alcohol respectively.
IUPAC system of naming alcohols
alkyl + “ol”
ethanol, 2 pentanol etc.
IUPAC system of naming phenols
alkyl = phenol
common system of naming aldehydes
replace the “ic” of carbonly compound with aldehyde
formic acid = formaldehyde
IUPAC system of naming aldehydes
alkyl + “al”
ethanal, 2 methylpropanal etc.
common system of naming ketones
alkyl grps (alphabetical order) + ketone
ethyl methyl ketone
IUPAC system of naming ketones
alkyl + “one”
write number where carbonyl grp is attached
2 butanone etc
