atomic structure

Question 1

introduced modern atomic theory

Answer 1

john dalton

Question 2

discover electron and what exp

Answer 2

jj thomsan by cathode rays experiment

Question 3

what is charge of electron who discovered by which exp

Answer 3

1.6x10^-19
milikian doscover by oil drop experiment

Question 4

nucleus discover by

Answer 4

rutherford

Question 5

proton dscover by and exp

Answer 5

by goldstein via crooks discharge tube experiment

Question 6

nuetron discover by which exp and whom

Answer 6

james chadwick via artificial radioactivity experiment

Question 7

mass and charge of electron proton and neutron

Answer 7

MASS
electron 9.11x10^-28
proton 1.673x10^-24
neutron 1.674^-24

CHARGE
electron -1.602x10^-19
proton +1.602x10^-19
neutron 0

Question 8

blank

Question 9

modern atomic theory

Answer 9

john dalton father of modenr atomic theory
neil bohrdic

Question 10

who discocvered electron and what exp

Answer 10

jj thomsan
cathode rays experiment

Question 11

who disocpvered charge of electron and what exp

Answer 11

milikian
oil drop experiment

Question 12

who discocvered proton and what exp

Answer 12

goldstein
crooks discharge tube

Question 13

who discocvered neutron and what exp

Answer 13

james chadwick
artificial radioactivity experiment

Question 14

who discocvered nucleus

Answer 14

rutherford

Question 15

MASS OF ELECTRON IS HOW MUCH TIME LESS THAN PROTON AND NEUTRON

Answer 15

1839 times les than neutron
1836 tims less than proton

Question 16

mass and charge of electron proton and neutron

Answer 16

MASS
electron 9.11x10^-28
proton 1.673x10^-24
neutron 1.674x10^-23

CHARGE
electron -1.602x10^-19
proton +1.602X10^-19
neutron 0

Question 17

diff between at[mic number and atomic mass

Answer 17

atomic number is number of proton
atomic mass is no of proton + no of neutrons

Question 18

4th statement of bohr atomic theory

Answer 18

the electron move only in those orbitals where the spinning power (angular momentum mvr) is equal to nh\2π

Question 19

3 main defects in bohr theory

Answer 19

1) only for atoms with one electron
2) electron acctually do not move in one plane but in 3d plane
3) it explained particle nature of electron and not wave nature

Question 20

x rays were named before?

Answer 20

roentgen rays

Question 21

prod of xrays with what type of volt and pressure

Answer 21

high voltage and low pressure

Question 22

radiation and radioactivity

Answer 22

radiation is emission of transmission or energy in form of waves of particles
and radioactivity is spontaneous emission of radiations from unstable atoms

Question 23

radioactive rays were initially named

Answer 23

becquerel rays

Question 24

x rays and radioactive rays diff

Answer 24

X RAYS emit when electrons strike a surface or anode

RADIOACTIVE RAYS emit from nucleus of unstable atom

Question 25

composition of alpha beta and gamma rays

Answer 25

alpha made of 2 proton 2 neutron
beta made of electrons
gamma are electromagnetic waves

Question 26

deflection of alpha beta gamma rays

Answer 26

alpha rays deflect by electric and magnetic field
beta rays also deflect by electric and magnetic field but in opposite direction
gamma rays not deflect by either

Question 27

ionization power of alpha beta gamma rays

Answer 27

alpha rays have 10ox greater ionization power than beta and 10000x time more than gamma
beta have less than alpha
gamma has lowest

Question 28

penetration power and speed of alpha beta gamma rays

Answer 28

alpha is least penetrating
beta is moderate and gamma is most penetrating
SPEED
alpha has speed 1\10th to velocity of light
beta has 9\10th of light
and gamma moves with speed of light

Question 29

what is orbital and quantum number

Answer 29

orbital is 3d space where electrons are most probably present.
quantum number are 4 and tells about the location of electrons in atom
4 quantum number n,l,m,s

Question 30

principle quantum number properties

Answer 30

denote by “n”
value of n cannot be 0
it tells about the energy level of orbital
and distance of electron from nucleus
if n=1 2 3 then electron is in K L M shell

Question 31

azimuthal quantum number properties

Answer 31

aka angular momentum quantum number and subsidiary quantum number
denote by “l”
tells the shape of the orbital
if L= 1 2 3 4
then electron will be in s p d f subshells

Question 32

how azimuthal quantum number tells shape of orbital

Answer 32

if l= 0 1 2 3
so electron are in s p d f subshell
and the shape of orbital in that subshell will be
s= round
p= dumbbell
d= double dumbbell
f complicated 8 folds

Question 33

what does each quantum number gives and actually tell about

Answer 33

n gives shells and tell about size of orbital
l gives subshell and tell about shape of orbital
m gives orbitals and tells about orientation of orbitals
s gives spinning of electron about it own axis

Question 34

diff between shell sub shell and orbitals

Answer 34

shells: this is where electrons are present
sub shell: shell divide into subshell
orbitals: sub shell divide into orbitals here the probability of finding electron is highest

Question 35

name of shell sub shell and orbitals

Answer 35

shells are K L M N
sub shell are s p d f
orbitals are also s p d f

Question 36

electronic configuration

Answer 36

distribution of electrons in an sub shells and orbitals

Question 37

pauli exclusion principle
aufbau rule
Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity

Answer 37

1)no 2 electrons can have same no of 4 quantum numbers, one has to be different
2) electrons are filled in lowest energy sub shells first
3)Electrons will first fill each of the available orbitals with one electron each before any orbital gets a second electron.