chemical equilibrium Flashcards
conditions for equilibrium
reaction should be in closed vessel
temp pressure and volume and conc should be constant
law of mass action and equation
the reaction rate is proportional to the product of active masses of reactants
Kc= prod\reactants
what is Kc and its depend on
Kc is equilibrium constant and depend on temperature
Kc and Qc difference
Kc is the ratio of prod and reactant at equilibrium
Qc is ratio of prod and reactant at any point during chem reaction
comparison of Kc and Qc to know reaction direction
if Kc>Qc then reaction is forward and product forms
if Qc>Kc then reaction is backward and reactants forms
if Kc=Qc then reaction is in equilibrium
le chatelier principle
states that when any external factor (conc temp or pressure) is applied to the reaction in equilibrium it disturbs the equilibrium and reaction tends to shifts in the direction which will oppose the change and try to regain the equilibrium
effect of concentration
add the reactant or remove product so reaction will be forward and on right side
add product or remove reactant so reaction is backward and towards left side
effect of pressure on equilibrium only occur when?
when both reactants and product are in gaseous state
if the number of moles of reactant and product in different
effect of pressure on equilibrium
if the pressure is increase so reaction shifts to the side with less number of moles.
if the pressure is decrease so reaction shifts to the side with more number of moles.
what type reaction on each side of reversible reaction
on direction has exothermic and other endothermic
effect of temp on equilibrium
if temp increase, reaction go to endothermic this and if temp decrease the reaction goes to exothermic side
industrial application of le chatelier principle
haber process which is synthesis of ammonia. it is exothermic reaction
how le chatlier effect haber process (write equation)
H2+3H2=2nNH3
increase in conc of hydrogen or nitrogen increase in synthesis of ammonia
increase in pressure will process reaction towards less no of moles and make more ammonie
decrease in temp will favor exothermic reaction
solubility product
solubility product is the product of the ions of springly soluble salts
solubility product only applicable to?
saturated solutions
