alcohol, phenol and ether

Question 1

alcohol phenol and ethers forms by replacing hydrogen of and with ?

Answer 1

all three form by replacing hydrogens of water
ALCOHOL form by replacing one hydrogen of water with alkyl group
PHENOL form by replacing one hydrogen of water by aryl group
ETHER form by replacing both hydrogen of water with alkyl or aryl group

Question 2

common sanitizer

Answer 2

isopropyl alcohol

Question 3

phenol and ethers are use as (medical)

Answer 3

phenol as antiseptic and ethers as anesthesia

Question 4

wood spirit is?

Answer 4

methanol

Question 5

classification of alcohols (2 types)

Answer 5

ACCORDING TO NO OF OH GRPS
monohydric if one OH and dihydric for 2 and polyhydric for multiple OH
ACCORDING TO ATTACHMENT OF OTHER CARBONS
monohydric alcohol is further classified into
1) primary alcohol is carbon attach to OH is further attach to one more carbon
2)secondary alcohol is carbon attach to OH is further attach to two more carbons
3) tertiary alcohol is carbon attach to OH is further attach to three more carbons

Question 6

acidity of alcohol, which type more acidic and what ion forms

Answer 6

alcohol is weak acid and primary is more acidic than sec and teriary and makes alkoxide ion

Question 7

structure of alcohol

Answer 7

tetrahedral, sp3 hybridization, 108 bond angle

Question 8

name only the methods of prep of alcohol (HHRR)

Answer 8

1)hydration of alkene
2)hydrolysis of alkyl halide
3)reaction of G.R with aldehyde and ketone
4)reduction of aldehyde and ketone

Question 9

reaction of G.R with aldehyde and ketone gives?

Answer 9

G.R(R-MG-X)
G.R+ Formaldehyde (methanal):
gives primary alcohol
G.R+acetaldehyde (ethanal):
gives secondary alcohol
G.R+acetone (propanone):
gives tertiary alcohol

Question 10

reduction of aldehydes and ketones give

Answer 10

reduction of aldehyde gives primary alcohol and reduction of ketone gives secondary alcohol.

Question 11

reactivity of alcohol is bcs of? and which bond breaking is needed for reaction to start

Answer 11

oxygen is electronegative in alcohol due to which polarity is formed between C and O and H and O
reaction in alcohol can start by Breaking bond between C-H or O-H bond

Question 12

carbon oxygen and oxygen hydrogen bond break by adding?

Answer 12

carbon oxygen bond break by nucleophile
hydrogen oxygen bond break by electrophile

Question 13

whats lucas reagent and its use

Answer 13

ZNCL2 used to distinguish between prim sec and ter alcohol

Question 14

what is phenol and its parent compound

Answer 14

OH attached to benzene ring makes phenol
parent compound is monohydroxy benzene aka carbolic acid or benzenol

Question 15

bond angle of phenol

Answer 15

109

Question 16

color of pure and impure phenol

Answer 16

pure is white and impure is red crystalline

Question 17

what ion made by alcohol and phenol

Answer 17

alcohol makes alkoxide ion and phenol makes phenoxide ion

Question 18

pka value of phenol and sequence of acidity of c.acid alcohol and phenol

Answer 18

10
c.acid>phenol>alcohol

Question 19

which parts of phenol makes two types of reaction

Answer 19

the OH part go through hydrolysis and esterification they breaks to form salts and esters
aromatic ring part of phenol go through electrophilic substitution reaction

Question 20

types of electrophilic reactions in phenol (NHS)

Answer 20

1, nitration
2, sulphonation
3,halogenation

Question 21

nitration sulphonation and halogenation in phenol is example of which type of reaction

Answer 21

electrophilic subs reaction

Question 22

phenol reacts with dilute nitric acid to form? and with conc HNO3 to form?

Answer 22

wth dilute HNO3 it forms mixture of ortho and para nitrophenol
with conc HNO3 it forms picric acid (2,4,6 TRINITROPHENOL)

Question 23

sulphonation

Answer 23

phenol reacts with sulphuric acid to give phenol sulphuric acid

Question 24

diff products in sulphonation w change in temp

Answer 24

in low temp (15 to 20) phenol+H2SO4 gives ortho phenol sulphonic acid
in high temp (100) phenol+H2SO4 gives para phenol sulphonic acid

Question 25

halogenation in phenol

Answer 25

phenol reacts bromine to give 2 4 6 tribromophenol

Question 26

how do we get ortho para bromophenol

Answer 26

by reacting phenol w bromine in presence of CCL4

Question 27

alcohol use to prepare ether

Answer 27

2 alcohols go through dehydration to make ethers in presence of H2SO4