Carboxylic acid Flashcards
diff between alkyl aryl and acyl carbonyl and carboxyl group
alkyl group: alkane with one less hydrogen
aryl group: benzene with one less hydrogen
acyl group: alkyl\aryl + c=o
carbonyl group: c=o
carboxyl group: c=o and OH
methane CH4
methyl CH3
phenyl C6H5
acetyl CH3C=O
methanoic acid CH2OH
carboxylic acid is
carbonyl group attach to alkyl and to OH
RCOOH
carbox use in pharmaceuticals
in making of aspirin, ibuprofin, penicilin
carbox use in biological process
help in breakdown of carbohydrates and fats
color odor solubility and how it changes
colorless and pungent odor and solubile in water but solubility decreases when carbon chain increases
hydrogen bonding in carbox exist as
as cyclic dimer form
structure of carbox
sp2 hybrid, 120 angle trigonal geometry
acidity of carbox and what ion forms
carbox are strong acids than alcohol phenol and water
forms carboxylate ions
name only methods of prep of carbox acids [CHOOO(PAA) ]
1)carbon and G.R
2)Hydrolysis of nitriles
3)oxidation of prim alcohol
4)oxidation of aldehydes
5)oxidation of alkyl benzene
oxidation of nitriles liberate?
ammonia gas
what agents use oxidation of primary alcohol and in what medium
oxidizing agents such as K2CR2O7 and KMnO4 are used in acidic medium which makes them acidified oxidizing agents
oxidation of alcohol make what intermediate
it makes aldehyde intermediate which then go through oxidation again to form carbox
what acidified oxidation agent used in oxidation of aldehyde and alkyl benzene
for oxi of aldehyde we use acidified K2CR2O7
for oxi of alkyl benzene we use acidified KMnO4
who is replace in carbox to make its derivates
by replacing OH of carboxyl group
name derivates of carbox and how they form (EAAA)
esters
(replace OH by alkyl\aryl grp)
acid halides
(replace OH by halogen)
amides
(replace OH by amino group)
anhydrites
(remove H-OH from 2 carbox)
carbox bcm acyl halide or acid halide on reaction with what agents
reacting carbox with halogented agents
name agents use in conversion of carbox into acid halides and which one is preferred
PCL5\PCL3\SOCL2
preferred is SOCL2 (thionyl chloride)
what kind of reaction is perform to convert carbox into anhydrites
condensation reaction reaction which is addition of two molecules with removal of H-OH
in this case, 2 carbox combine to form anhydrite by removal of
H-OH
what agent use in making of anhydride
dehydrating agent
P2O5
(phosphorous pentoxide)
conversion of carbox in ester is called what and happens
called esterification
carbox reacts with alcohol to make ester
how conversion of carbox in amide
react of carbox with ammonia
makes ammonium salt and then amide on heating
what kind of reaction is carbox convert in alcohol and mechanism and what kind of alcohol
reduction reaction
addition of hydrogen
makes prim alcohol
what catalyst used in conversion of carbox in alcohol
lithium aluminum hydride LiALH4
conversion of carbox in alkane
carbox reacts with caustic soda NaOH
form salt and then alkane
