Nitriles Flashcards
1
Q
Formation of Nitriles, what occurs. Reactants and conditions.
A
Nucleophile of cyanide, CN- ion reacts with a haloalkane, nuclephilic sub, forms nitrile and X- ion.
KCN in ethanol, heated under reflux.
2
Q
What is the relevance to the carbon chain?
A
Increases the carbon chain length by one carbon.
3
Q
Acidic hydrolisis of nitriles.
Conditions?
Products?
A
When a nitrile is reacted with a dilute acid and water, will react to form carboxylic acid and a ammonium salt.
4
Q
Alkali hydrolisis
Conditions?
Products?
Second stage.
A
When a nitrile is reacted with dilute alkali and water, will form carboxylate ion and ammonia.
Must them be acidified to form carboxylic acid.
