Nigeria Flashcards
Economic growth affecting Nigerians environment
Industrial growth
Urban growth
Farming/deforestation
Mining and oil extraction
Industrial growth on environment
- 5000 registered industrial plants + 10000 illegal small scale
- in Lagos : many harmful pollutants going to drain/water systems and companies dispose of chemical waste on land
- 70-80% of forests has been destroyed by logging, agriculture, urban expansion, Road, industrial development
- industrial chimneys emit poisonous gasses
Urban growth on environment
- squatter settlement
- traffic congestion leading to high levels of exhaust emissions
- extensive bush burning has damaged trees and wildlife
- waste disposal
Farming and deforestation on environment
- land degration
- water pollution, soil erosion, silting of river channels.
- The building of settlements and roads has destroyed habitats and added carbon carbon dioxide emissions.
- 500 types of plants have disappeared as well as animals like cheaters and giraffes.
Mining and oil extraction on environment
- damage ecosystems
- tin mining lead to soil oration, water supplies polluted
- Oil spills in the niger Delta : 2008-9, 11 million gallons of crude oil spilt over a 20 km² area, Shell paid $55 million compensation, money used to build schools and health clinics
Location of Nigeria
- west Africa
- boarders Chad and Niger
- on coast of Atlantic Ocean
Regional importance of Nigeria
- largest population in Africa, 182 mil
- highest GDP in 2014
- 70% of population are employed in agriculture
- over 19 million cattle
Global importance of Nigeria
- 2014, 21st largest economy
- supplies 2.7% of worlds oil
- 12th largest producer of oil
- 5th largest contributor to UN Peacekeeping missions
Political context of Nigeria
- 1960 gained independence
- 1967 civil war
- only since 1999 that the country has had a stable government
- several countries are investing in Nigeria eg China
Social context of Nigeria
- Practices Christianity, Islam and traditional African religions
- economic inequality between north and south
- life expectancy 52
- percentage in poverty 70%
Cultural context in Nigeria
- Nigerian music
- Nigerian cinema ‘Nollywood’
- football team won the African cup 3 times
Environmental context
- northern Nigeria : semi-desert / savanna
- southern Nigeria : high temperature and rainfall
Nigeria’s economy
- employment in agriculture has fallen
- increased employment in manufacturing e.g oil
- the growth of a tertiary sector e.g communications
How manufacturing is affecting economic development
- regular paid work gives people secure income
- manufacturing industries develop close links
- more employment = more taxes
- tertiary sector attracts foreign investment
What is a TNC
Transnational corporation; large company which operates in several countries
Shell oil in the Niger Delta advantages and disadvantages
Advantages:
- makes major contributions in taxes and export revenue
- provides 65000 direct employment
- investment in local infrastructure and education
Disadvantages:
- oils spills cause water pollution and soil degradation
- frequent oil flares send toxic fumes into air
- much of profit generated goes abroad and management jobs are usually foreign employees
Trading relationships with the wider world
Trading relationships:
- 2013: USA was Nigeria’s biggest customer of oil
- 2014: India
2013-2014: Exports have increased by 40%
Australia (30%) biggest customers of cotton
Political relationships with the wider world
African Union: economic planning and peacekeeping group, provide troops
United Nations: 2013, 5th largest contribution of troops
Types of aid
- emergency aid: after a disaster (food water medical supplies and shelter)
- development aid: long-term support given by charities/governments (aims to improve quality of life)
Impacts of aid
- aid from USA helps to educate and to protect from aids
- UK funded a health and HIV programme
- NGO nets for life protect against malaria
- improves quality of life
- Corruption of government causes loss of aid
- May use money for wrong purposes eg war
The effects of economic development on quality of life for the population
- reliable better paid jobs
- higher disposable income to spend on schools, health care, clothes
- better access to safe water and sanitation
- improvements to infrastructure like roads
- reliable electricity and water
