NGSL - Red words P-S Flashcards
To keep something fresh or useable
to preserve something
I like the taste of preserved fruit in chocolate..
We should preserve our natural resources for future generations
an idea or statement which is understood to be true at the start. Similar to assumption
The premise.
The premise of any joke that starts… ‘There was an Englishman, a Scotsman, and an Irishman’ is that the Irishman will do something stupid.
on time
prompt
Someone who is prompt never keeps others waiting
earlier
prior
Do you have any prior medical conditions?
to go to the next step
to proceed to something
Airport announcement:
Passengers for fight FX 202 should proceed to boarding gate 4.
the adjective of race
racial
Racial discrimination is immoral and illegal
the back of something
the rear
What does the train run on?
rails
singular: a rail
to believe something is true
casual English
to reckon
I reckon that is the right answer
to be familiar with something or someone
to give status to someone or something
to recognize / to recognise
Children can recognise shapes at an early age.
Young deer recognise their parents by the shape of their tail.
Patients with Alzheimer’s disease sometimes do not recognise their own relatives.
Those who are opposed to the monarchy do not recognise the Queen as head of state.
the noun of recognise
recognition
Facial recognition is available on new smartphones.
This author won a Nobel Prize for Literature, the ultimate form of recognition.
to feel guilt or sadness about something in the past that you think you should’ve done differently
to regret something
I regret not learning Japanese properly when I lived in Tokyo
the opposite of approve
to reject something or someone
Women tend to reject men’s proposals.
The publisher rejected my novel.
to depend on someone or something
to rely on someone
Children rely on their parents for everything
Friends rely on each other
to stay somewhere or keep something
In the photo, how many skittles —- after three have been knocked down?
to remain
After the earthquake, only a few houses remained.
Four remains if you take six from ten.
to take the part of something or someone else
To stand for someone in parliament
Something that is traditional and used as an image or symbol
Politicians are supposed to represent the wishes of the population.
The bulldog is the animal said to represent the British.
food, water, learning materials, natural assets
a resource
Russia has a lot of natural resources
I hope Brainscape is a good resource for your study
buying and selling commercial goods, eg. clothes
retail
I work in retail for The GAP.
to keep something
to retain something
After tax, the very rich retain about a half of the money they had earned.
ending your career, usually in old age
retirement.
The retirement age in the UK is 66 but it will rise to much higher as people live longer.
to show something that had been hidden (physically or from understanding)
A magician should never reveal how magic works.
I revealed a secret
He removed the mask and revealed his face
The clouds cleared and revealed the mountain.
money coming in
revenue
The government had much lower tax revenue during the pandemic as fewer people were in employment.
- to study again
2. To change something eg an estimate
To revise
I revised the words and passed OET.
I revised the first draft of my letter so it was shorter and clearer.
to remove a bad thing
to rid (yourself) of something
I rid myself of my bad habits…I stopped smoking, drinking, and overeating.
I rid myself of a lot of unused books
opposite of smooth
rough
It was a rough night in A and E.
a lighter word for enemy
rivals
Manchester United and Liverpool are football rivals.
adverb for rough
roughly
He spoke roughly and with no respect
Another word for a quarrel
a row (rhymes with HOW)
The couple had a very loud row in the waiting room.
The opposite of urban is
rural
This is a rural area with lots of farmland
The things that catch wind and give power to a boat are
sails
What does a plant grow from?
a seed
to look for something
to seek something
Children like to play ‘Hide and Seek’
to appear
to seem
This seems to be the right answer, but I cannot justify why I think so.
You seem tired.
a piece of something
a segment
An orange segment
A segment of a podcast
things in an order
Hint: The Fibonacci…
sequence
There is more genetic sequencing in medicine.
someone who does domestic tasks
Old English
a servant
a place or thing that provides protection from the weather
a shelter
The tree provided shelter from the rain.
You should not use a tree as shelter in a thunderstorm in case of lightening hitting it.
I waited at the bus shelter
another word for importance
significance (uncountable)
The vaccine has had major significance in terms of how we can live with COVID 19.
a person who is forced to work for another and not given human rights
a slave
The movie ‘Twelve Years A Slave’ was very powerful.
- Figurative meaning
‘I am a slave to my phone’.
part of a hill or a graph
a slope
There is a slope here, so watch your step.
What do you plant a seed in?
soil
Good quality soil is very important for growing healthy plants.
The origin of something
A place to get something
In the photo, milk is a — of calcium
a source
Most people treat the Internet as their main source of information nowadays.
The opposite of northern
southern
Australia is in the southern hemisphere.
a specific variety of an animal or plant
a species
In this garden, you can see many different species of plants, trees, and insects.
Charles Darwin wrote ‘On the Origin of Species’, the first book about evolution.
If you bring down your foot heavily to show anger, what do you do?
You stamp your foot
If you print something saying ‘approved’ ‘secret’ ‘urgent’ onto a document, then you have…
stamped the document
What goes on an envelope?
a postage stamp
If you take something that does not belong to you….
You steal it.
steal / stole / stolen.
angry and strict
stern
Metal used for making rails
Steel
to do something difficult and cause discomfort or pain to yourself
to strain yourself
Don’t strain yourself to lift that box!
Working and supporting a family can be a strain.
To pour a liquid through something else.
to strain
opposite of relaxed
strict
The OET rules are really strict
the next
subsequent
The subsequent lesson was much harder than the prior ones.
adverb of subsequent
subsequently
big
substantial
He had substantial savings
Verb of success
succeed
I feel great satisfaction when my students succeed!
If you build your vocabulary, you will certainly succeed in the OET Reading
certainly
surely
adverb of suprise
suprisingly
To be in a circle around something or someone
To surround something
The city is surrounded by fighters.
On a busy train, you are surrounded by people
The castle is surrounded by water (the moat)
to keep something
to get an injury
The patient sustained a head injury in the motorcycle accident
I sustained my business by getting more clients
What do you do with a broom?
You sweep the floor.
Idiom ‘I swept it under the carpet’ I hid or ignored a problem to sweep something sweep / swept/swept
a container of water or oxygen
an armoured vehicle used in war to attack
a tank
a kind of attack
a tackle
Tackles in American football can be really dangerous.
a statement or condition which entitles someone to get something
what you get when you pass an exam
a qualification
to gain certification of some kind
to qualify as something
She qualified as a nurse in 2000.
amount
quantity
adverb of quiet
quietly
- pace
2. fee (in plural)
rate
The patient is losing blood at a fast rate.
The plumber’s rates are very high
to rank something
to rate someone
This tutor has a rating of ‘Great’.
to arrive somewhere
to move your body to get something
to reach something
Can you reach something from the top shelf for me?
After 5 days on the train, I arrived in Moscow.
adjective of rely
reliable
He is a very reliable colleague.
to help someone remember something
to remind them to do something
Please remind the patient to take their medication.
far away
The Arctic is a remote part of the world.
formal word for asking
a request
Make a clear request in your letter.
verb of relaxation
to relax
to finish your career is to
retire
to keep something back
to reserve
In the OET writing subtest, make sure to reserve at least five minutes to check your spelling.
when something improves, particularly symptoms, we say they
resolved
to return something to a previous state
restore something
Some people like to restore old furniture.
to limit something
Please restrict your intake of salk.
destruction
ruin
an old building that can no longer be used
a ruin
