NGSL - Red words E Flashcards
to make something happen
to enable something to happen
Passing OET enabled me to work as a healthcare professional in the UK
Getting more sleep enabled me to concentrate
to appear from darkness or confusion - metaphorical
to emerge
The mountain emerged from the mist
A figure emerged from the darkness
After years of rumours, the truth finally emerged.
to improve something
to enhance something
I enhanced my appearance by getting a haircut
If you HIRE or INTEREST someone then,
you engage someone
I engaged a tutor to help me prepare for my test.
This book was so boring that it did not engage me and I stopped reading after the first chapter
Another word for a company
OR
initiative
enterprise
Apple is a really successful enterprise
another adjective for complete is
entire
He ate the entire cake and was sick
adverb of entire
entirely
I am entirely responsible for any errors
Something is good substitute for something else
equivalent
If you do not have olive oil, vegetable oil is the best equivalent.
to set something up
to establish something
Parents need to establish the rules with their children.
Students who establish good study habits tend to succeed.
After death, someone’s collected assets, eg. house, money, land, stocks is called their
estate
Also used for a piece of private land or a part of society.
to guess or predict
Can you — how many marbles there are in the picture?
to estimate something
I estimated that the task would take an hour, but I was wrong.
to change over time
of natural things, to adapt to changes in the environment
to evolve
My way of teaching has evolved over the last twenty years.
Charles Darwin explained evolution in ‘The Origin of Species’
to go over / to be higher
In the picture, the amount of liquid…. the volume of the cup, so the coffee spills…
to exceed
My spending exceeded my income last year, so I have less money.
to create a reaction, to make something more active, to cause a reaction in part of the body
to excite
The media often publish stories to excite interest.
The cells are excited by this chemical
noun of excite
excitement
There was a lot of excitement about the new Netflix series
to make tired or to finish something
What has tired this man?
to exhaust
Working too hard has tired him.
I exhausted my savings and now I have no money
spending
expenditure
The government increased its expenditure on supporting workers on the furlough scheme.
My travel expenditure decreased during lockdown.
to make something open to something
attention
in photography, how much light comes in through the camera’s shutter.
to expose A to B
exposure
‘Do not expose your skin to the sun without using sunscreen’
The exposure time in this photo was long so the people are blurred but the buildings are clear.
noun of expose
exposure
Sometimes figurative
‘Celebrities get a lot of exposure’
‘Reading a lot will increase your exposure to language’
To make something longer is to
extend it
extend it
I extended my holiday by three days
I extended my contract
Also - to give
Many British families are extending help to Ukrainian refugees.
when light disappears
to get tired
TO FADE
At around 6 o’clock the sun sank and light faded
I’m fading! Can we go home so I can sleep?
opposite of success
failure
casual word for a person
from the same group
fellow
I met my fellow students on the first day of term.
A disaster when a land is covered by too much rising water
The water in the story of Noah is
the flood (pronounced FLUD)
usually wooden boundary of a farm or garden
a limit
a fence
‘Good fences make good neighbours’
movement of air or water
good focus
flow
Sounds like blow or go or show
I feel flow when I am really interested in something.
The river flows very quickly here.
To keep clothes tidy, you can hang them up or …..
fold them
to fold something
when a business fails or goes bankrupt, we say it
folds
to make someone do something against their will
to force them to do something
Refugees are forced to leave their homes in times of war
War has forced people to flee their homes
a prediction, often for the weather is
a forecast
Noun and verb
The weather forecast for this week is sun and showers.
Bonds are forecast to increase in value.
from outside
from another country
foreign
A foreign person is not from your own country.
Foreign currency exchange
Nursing: a foreign object in the eye can do a lot of damage.
lucky
fortunate
to take water below 0 degrees C
to stop
to freeze
to stop
Solid water under 0 degrees
Trade with Russia has been frozen.
My bank account was frozen because my card was stolen.
to scare someone
to frighten someone
Do not frighten your little sister with scary stories!
Another word for taking risks
enterprise
to satisfy
to fulfil
I fulfilled the criterion to pass OET
What do plants grow in?
earth / soil
The word ‘earth’ also means the element that is not fire, water, or air.
Earth with a capital letter also means the planet we live on.
Noun of efficient
efficiency
Similar to self-conscious, ashamed, awkward
embarrassed
In Japanese shops, sanitary products like tampons are put in paper bags at the counter so that customers will not feel embarrassed.
Noun form of emphasise
emphasis
The writer is placing emphasis on this point.
a person who is employed is an
employee
noun of establish
a stable part of society, eg. government, legal system, old schools
establishment
This is an old establishment / organisation.
noun of too much / excessive
an excess of something
noun for exist
existence
Atheists do not believe in the existence of god.
A person or part of government that has power and authority
executive
The President is the Executive part of the US government.
There were many executives in the boardroom.
Let’s see the Himid — at the Tate!
- display of objects or artwork in a museum or gallery)
- a display of bad behaviour
an exhibition
The couple had a noisy fight on the train and made an exhibition of themselves.
noun of ‘expand’
getting bigger, especially in business
expansion
Expansion is the phase of the business cycle when the economy moves from a trough to a peak.
to find out more about a place or topic or problem
to explore something
to explore somewhere.
‘Explore the patient’s reasons for not wanting to take antibiotics’.
Teenagers want to explore their sexuality.
Let’s explore a new country.
