Nextstep 1 Chem/Phys Flashcards
1
Q
Grab a piece of paper
What is the approximate molarity of sodium chloride in ocean water, if the density of ocean water is 1.028 kg/L?
You have to look in the passage for the percent composition of NaCl in ocean water.
The passage says 3.5%
A
Multiply the density by the mass composition of the substance to know the amount of grams per liter.
1028g • .035= 36g then use the grass per mile to find the molarity
36g of NaCl • 1 mile of NaCl/58g of NaCl = .62 M
2
Q
If excess salt is ingested what will happen?
A
If excess salt ins ingested, since salt cannot easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer, in an attempt to establish and isotonic solution, the water inside the cell will diffuse by osmosis to reestablish isotonic solutions on both sides of the membrane.
3
Q
Adding salt to water causes the boiling point of water to?
A
Since boiling point is defined as the pressure at which the vapor pressure of a molecule is equal to the atmospherics pressure, and adding salt reduces the vapor pressure of the liquid, the rate at which water molecules can break through the liquid surface decreases.
So, adding salt requires greater average kinetic energy of the liquid to produce a vapor pressure equal to the external pressure.
4
Q
What happens to a compound like I-131 during -beta decay.
A
I-131 during -beta decay a neutron is converted into a proton as an electron is emitted. So, Iodine will be converted into a Xe.
5
Q
A possible method of separating 2-methylundecanal and 2-methylundecanoic acid could be?
A
SOLUBITY. A carboxylic acid group is much more soluble than an aldehyde group. The more polar s compound is the higher its solubility in aqueous solution.
Methods such as mass spectroscopy, rotation on polarized light are analytic tools, and not SEPARATORY tools.
6
Q
When transitioning from liquid to gas during boiling the liquid needs? And how can this be achieved?
A
In order to boils the liquid requires nucleation sites, or places to start forming bubbles. This is achieved by either scratching the inside of the flask or by introducing boiling chips.
Another way to decrease booing point is to decrease the atmospheric pressure through the use of a vacuum pump. Vacuum distillation is utilized when the boiling compounds have very high boiling points.
7
Q
At the end of a distillation procedure the liquid remaining in the round bottom flask is?
A
The liquid with the highest boiling point.
8
Q
A mass of 10kg is dropped from a height of 20m. Ignoring air resistance, what is the maximum speed achieved by the mass?
A
Kinectic energy= mgh 10kg(10m/s^2)(20)=2000
KE= 1/2mv^2=> 2000=1/2(10)v^2=> 400=v^2 = v=20m/s
9
Q
How many stereo centers does the cholesterol in the picture has?
A
8
10
Q
The preferred configuration of many elements on the periodic table is determined by?
A
Elements will often adopt a configuration with a complete octet. The electron configuration of the nearest noble gas; elements will gain or lose electrons until they have the same valence electron configuration as this noble gas.
11
Q
During the force test with a mechanical stirrup, at what distance from the ankle joint was the force applied?
The passage states the at the force was applied perpendicular to the rotation of the ankle. That the torque force was 13Nm and the anterior force 98N.
A
The equation for torque is T= rFsin(teta)
If the force is perpendicular it means that the angle is 90 degrees.
So 13Nm=r (98N) sin(90) => r= 13Nm/98N= .133m or 133mm
12
Q
During an anterior drawer test, the joint translation occurs in 0.2 seconds. What is the average velocity of the talus during translation?
According to the passage,the mean anterior-drawer translation of 5.7mm is the upper bound.
A
The average velocity would be calculated by dividing distance by time.
5.7•10^-3 meter/0.2 seconds = 30 mm/s
13
Q
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
A
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
14
Q
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
A
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
15
Q
What are Km’s and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
A
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
16
Q
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
A
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
17
Q
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
A
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
18
Q
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
A
120 degrees
19
Q
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
A
The angle would be 90 degrees
20
Q
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
A
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
21
Q
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
A
180 degrees
22
Q
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
A
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2… and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
23
Q
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
A
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in “-one”, “-en” or “-ol”
24
Q
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
A
Cysteine to Cysteine
25
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
26
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
27
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
28
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
29
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
30
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
31
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
32
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
33
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
34
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
35
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
36
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
37
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
38
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
39
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
40
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
41
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
42
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
43
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
44
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
45
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
46
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
47
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
48
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
49
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
50
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
51
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
52
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
53
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
54
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
55
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
56
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
57
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
58
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
59
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
60
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
61
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
62
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
63
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
64
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
65
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
66
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
67
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
68
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
69
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
70
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
71
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
72
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
73
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
74
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
75
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
76
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
77
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
78
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
79
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
80
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
81
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
82
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
83
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
84
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
85
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
86
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
87
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
88
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
89
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
90
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
91
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
92
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
93
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
94
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
95
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
96
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
97
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
98
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
99
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
100
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
101
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
102
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
103
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
104
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
105
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
106
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
107
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
108
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
109
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
110
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
111
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
112
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
113
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
114
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
115
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
116
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
117
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
118
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
119
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
120
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
121
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
122
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
123
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
124
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
125
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
126
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
127
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
128
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
129
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
130
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
131
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
132
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
133
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
134
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
135
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
136
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
137
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
138
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
139
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
140
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
141
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
142
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
143
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
144
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
145
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
146
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
147
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
148
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
149
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
150
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
151
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
152
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
153
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
154
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
155
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
156
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
157
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
158
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
159
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
160
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
161
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
162
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
163
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
164
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
165
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
166
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
167
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
168
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
169
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
170
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
171
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
172
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
173
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
174
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
175
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
176
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
177
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
178
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
179
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
180
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
181
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
182
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
183
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
184
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
185
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
186
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
187
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
188
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
189
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
190
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
191
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
192
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
193
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
194
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
195
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
196
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
197
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
198
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
199
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
200
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
201
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
202
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
203
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
204
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
205
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
206
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
207
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
208
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
209
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
210
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
211
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
212
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
213
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
214
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
215
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
216
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
217
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
218
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
219
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
220
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
221
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
222
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
223
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
224
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
225
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
226
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
227
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
228
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
229
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
230
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
231
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
232
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
233
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
234
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
235
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
236
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
237
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
238
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
239
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
240
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
241
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
242
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
243
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
244
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
245
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
246
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
247
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
248
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
249
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
250
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
251
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
252
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
253
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
254
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
255
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
256
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
257
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
258
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
259
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
260
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
261
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
262
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
263
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
264
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
265
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
266
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
267
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
268
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
269
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
270
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
271
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
272
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
273
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
274
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
275
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
276
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
277
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
278
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
279
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
280
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
281
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
282
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
283
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
284
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
285
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
286
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
287
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
288
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
289
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
290
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
291
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
292
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
293
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
294
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
295
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
296
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
297
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
298
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
299
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
300
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
301
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
302
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
303
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
304
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
305
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
306
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
307
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
308
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
309
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
310
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
311
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
312
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
313
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
314
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
315
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
316
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
317
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
318
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
319
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
320
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
321
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
322
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
323
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
324
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
325
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
326
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
327
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
328
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
329
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
330
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
331
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
332
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
333
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
334
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
335
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
336
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
337
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
338
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
339
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
340
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
341
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
342
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
343
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
344
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
345
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
346
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
347
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
348
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
349
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
350
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
351
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
352
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
353
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
354
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
355
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
356
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
357
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
358
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
359
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
360
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
361
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
362
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
363
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
364
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
365
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
366
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
367
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
368
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
369
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
370
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
371
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
372
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
373
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
374
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
375
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
376
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
377
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
378
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
379
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
380
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
381
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
382
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
383
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
384
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
385
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
386
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
387
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
388
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
389
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
390
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
391
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
392
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
393
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
394
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
395
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
396
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
397
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
398
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
399
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
400
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
401
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
402
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
403
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
404
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
405
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
406
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
407
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
408
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
409
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
410
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
411
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
412
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
413
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
414
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
415
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
416
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
417
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
418
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
419
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
420
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
421
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
422
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
423
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
424
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
425
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
426
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
427
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
428
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
429
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
430
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
431
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
432
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
433
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
434
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
435
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
436
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
437
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
438
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
439
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
440
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
441
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
442
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
443
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
444
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
445
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
446
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
447
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
448
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
449
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
450
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
451
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
452
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
453
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
454
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
455
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
456
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
457
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
458
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
459
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
460
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
461
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
462
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
463
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
464
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
465
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
466
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
467
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
468
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
469
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
470
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
471
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
472
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
473
Where would a force applied in the ankle is more likely to result in injury?
Anterior force is what matters when it comes to ankle injury. This force requires a torque causing excessive translation or twist. Given that this force requires force it must be at some distance away from the point of rotation.
474
What are the moles of an acid titrated with a concentration of 2•10^-2M and according to the inflection, from the graph, the number of mL required were 7.5
The moles of the acid would be the molarity of the base times the mL used of the base. The tricky part was to find the mL from the inflection point.
2•10^-2 M•7.5mL => 15•10^-5
475
What are Km's and Vmax patters for competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition?
Competitive: The inhibitor bonds to the free enzyme. The Km increases and the Vmax remains the same.
Non-competitive: The inhibitor binds to the ES complex or the free enzyme. At a different site from the active site. The Km remains the same and the Vmax decreases.
Uncompetitive: The inhibitor binds ONLY to the ES complex. Both the Km and Vmax are decrease.
476
A table such as this one shows what?
At this pH then, a thiol and a carboxyl groups would be?
The pH at which an inhibitor is strongest. The middle shows how much product was made. The lowest from the other ones.
The thiol will be protonated and the carboxyl will be deprotonated.
477
When working with that might react with oxygen or other gases, what gas would serve as a good artificial atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas would be ideal given that it is a very inert gas. Nitrogen gas makes up 80 percent of the gas we breathe, yet has no significant reactions with the our lungs, or with anything other than nitrogen fixing plants.
478
What is the bond angle of sp2 hybridized carbon with trigonal planar geometry?
120 degrees
479
What is the bond angle of an octahedral molecule with a hybridization of sp3d2?
The angle would be 90 degrees
480
What would be the angle of a tetrahedral molecule with hybridization of sp3?
The bond angle would be 109.5 degrees
481
What would be the bond angle of an sp hybridized linear molecule?
180 degrees
482
A circuit is constructed with a 12 V battery and four identical resistors, each with a resistance of 16 ohms, hooked up in parallel. What is the total power dissipated by the circuit?
Use the formula for resistance in parallel 1/Rtotal= 1/R1+1/R2... and Watts Power= V^2/R
1/Rtotal= 4/16= R=4ohms
Power= 12^2/ 4 + 36W
483
Give some examples of biological molecules that are derived from terpenes? And why?
Aldosterone and Estrogen. Terpenes are precursors to sterols. The majority of of steroid hormones have names that end in "-one", "-en" or "-ol"
484
Which pIr of amino acids would best provide disulfide links?
Cysteine to Cysteine
485
Why are electrons passed on to oxygen gas in the electron transport chain? What does it tell us about the IRS standard reduction potential?
In the electron transport chain, electrons are passed from species with less positive reduction potential to those with more positive reduction potentials.
Given that oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the ETC, it must posses an standard reduction potential that is more positive than any other acceptor in the chain. THE MOST POSITIVE.
486
Consider the net reaction leading to the formation of fructose 6-phosphate from glucose and ATP. Change in Gibbs energy and Keq would be?
Negative and Keq will be larger than one since the products are favored.
487
A ray of white light strike the surface of water in a beaker. The index of refraction of the water is 1.33 and the angle of incidence is 30 degrees. What about the angle of refraction?
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection.
When light enters a more dense medium it will bend towards the normal. With an angle of incidence of 30 degrees, the angle of refraction must be less than 30 degrees
488
What is the orbital hybridization of XeF4 and NH3?
Sp3d2 for XeF4 and sp3 for NH3
489
What is the Keq of EGFR+EGF--> EGFR-EGF if Ka is 5.61•10^6?
The same value as Ka
490
The rate of cation formation through deprotonate is directly related to ?
The rate of action formation is directly related to the energy requieres to deprotonate the compound. This energy can be found on the passage tables most often. Change of Hf X->X^+ the higher the value the more energy required.
491
The stabilizing effects of the substituent can be determined from?
The relative stabilization energy (RSE), which should be found on a table. The more NEGATIVE the RSE, the greater the stabilization.
492
Carbocations are typically unstable due to their high concentration of positive charge. How can the become more stabilized? More distabilized?
Carbocations can become more stable if a substituent can contribute some electron density to the carbocation, that way the positive charge can be shared and stabilized.
A carbocation can become more unstable if an electron withdrawing group is added given that it would pull even more electron density from the carbocations destabilizing it further.
