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Next Step #2 Flashcards

1
Q

a ________ is a substrate for its target protein, as well as a regulatory molecule of the protein’s activity

A

homotropic allosteric modulator

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2
Q

do gaseous mixtures and pure gasses behave the same?

A

yes

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3
Q

although they are both fluids, what separates gasses and liquids?

A

gases are compressible while liquids are not

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4
Q

the ___ and ____ of gases is not constant

A

density and volume

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5
Q

how does the solubility of water in air change based on temperature?

A

increased temperature increases solubility of water in air

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6
Q

increased pressure _____ the solubility of a gas

A

increases

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7
Q

____ is an approximation of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a gaseous sample

A

temperature

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8
Q

positive control

A

A positive control is a control group that is not exposed to the experimental treatment but that is exposed to some other treatment that is known to produce the expected effect.

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9
Q

how do phenyl and benzene relate?

A

Phenyl is benzene without one hydrogen (another group attached here)

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10
Q

a carbonyl with sulfur is a ____ (S=0)

A

sulfinyl

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11
Q

discuss the properties of cis-trans isomers?

A

similar chemical but different physical properties

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12
Q

discuss the properties of diasteroemers?

A

more similar chemically than physically

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13
Q

Work energy theorem

A

work = (deltaKE)

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14
Q

how does power relate to work?

A

power = work/time

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15
Q

how does power relate to velocity?

A

power = (force)(velocity)

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16
Q

what changes and what remains the same when light enters a new medium?

A

wavelength and velocity are changed while frequency stay the same

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17
Q

do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

A

yes

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18
Q

what are the names of the following ions:
Cu+2
Cu+3

A

cupr - ous

cupr - ic

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19
Q

what is reduced but never oxidized in the electron transport chain?

A

oxygen

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20
Q

ubiquinone = ____

A

coenzyme Q

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21
Q

why do electron withdrawing groups increase the acidity of a proton

A

they draw negative charge around the compound and distribute it which makes the conjugate base more stable.

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22
Q

equation for circumference of a circle

A

2(pi)(r)

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23
Q

suicide inhibition

A

irreversible inhibition of an enzyme

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24
Q

on a titration curve, where is the PI for a neutral amino acid?

A

equivalence point

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25
for an incline plane, what is the equation for mechanical advantage?
For an incline plane, the mechanical advantage = hypotenuse / height
26
what is the probability of two objects of different masses to slide down a ramp?
equal
27
what does the hydrolysis of carbon dioxide produce?
carbonic acid
28
gel chromatography =
size exclusion chromatography
29
what are the subunits and overall sizes of ribosomes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
prokaryotes: 30S and 50S make 70S eukaryotes: 40S and 60S make 80S
30
what is the start codon in eukaryotes and the first amino acid?
start: AUG | amino acid: methionine
31
converting pyruvate to acetyle CoA is done by what enzyme and produces what?
pyruvate dehydrogenase | CO2 and NADH
32
what muscles can aid forced breathing
internal intercostal muscles | external help open the rib cage
33
there are _____ viable autosomal monosomies
0
34
the only viable trisomies are ____
13, 18, 21
35
the ____ splits the ___ arm and the ____ arm of a chromosome
centrosome | q and p
36
trisomy 21 is also known as ___
Down syndrome
37
monosomy X is also known as ____
Turner syndrome
38
what is the association constant
equilibrium constant for enzyme binding: E + S ==> ES (products/reactants)
39
what type of amino acids help histone pack DNA tighter?
basic amino acids with positively charged side chains because these interact with negatively charged DNA.
40
is the N terminus positive or negatively charged in vivo?
positive (NH3+)
41
cellular transport would most likely be affected if what is affected?
transmembrane proteins (such as glycoproteins)
42
pinocytosis vs. phagocytosis
pino: cells engulf liquid substances phago: cells engulf solid particles
43
what do gap junctions connect between cells?
connect one cell's cytoskeleton to another cell's cytoskeleton
44
1 gram = ___ daltons
avogadro's number
45
for competitive inhibition to occur, what must be a fact about the substrate and the inhibitor of the enzyme?
they must have similar shape
46
does siRNA affect RNA or DNA?
due to its structure, it is only able to affect RNA.
47
what is the only way that proteins will end up in the urine?
damage to the glomerulus
48
radioimmunoassay (RIA)
in an RIA, the protein concentration can be assessed indirectly by measuring the extent to which the protein competes with a radioactively labeled standard for antibody binding sites.
49
Edman degradation
Edman degradation is a technique used to sequence proteins via successive cleaving of terminal amino acid residues.
50
can antibodies cross the blood brain barrier?
no they are too large
51
the _____ implants in the endometrium of the uterus
blastula
52
Test-retest bias
when you take a test over and over again it can affect how you do
53
when does conservation happen in Piaget's? When does object permanence happen?
object permanence: at the end of the sensorimotor phase | conservation: in the concrete operational phase
54
kinship of affinity
individuals are related by choice such as marriage
55
consanguineal kinship is based on ____
blood
56
John B Watson
Little Albert Experiment: conditioned a little boy to be afraid of furry animals and objects.
57
Muzafer Sharif
Robber's Cave Experiment: intergroup conflict that arises in response to limited resources
58
discuss heterogeneity and anomie
heterogenous individuals are less likely to have things in common, so different, fractured society.
59
negativity bias
focusing more on the negatives than the positives
60
face validity
the extent to which a study appears to assess what it is intended to assess. It "looks right"
61
inter-rater reliability
measure of the degree to which two different researchers or raters agree in their assessments.
62
o Criterion validity o Construct validity o Content validity
o Criterion validity: whether a variable is able to predict a certain outcome (MCAT score and how we will do in medical school) o Construct validity: when we are able to generalize about our construct of interest because we are accurately measuring that construct. o Content validity: how well an instrument covers the range of meanings included within a concept that is being measured (measuring tobacco use must measure all forms of tobacco use not just cigarettes).
63
fMRI measures changes in what
oxygen in different parts of the brain
64
cognitive appraisal theory of emotion
individuals make different interpretations about stimuli
65
fading in operant conditioning
reducing the prompts reminding individuals to perform an action
66
boasting and flattery are hallmarks of what
impression management
67
ingratiation
type of impression management technique | when you become more like your target to impress them
68
symbolic thinking
the idea that things and ideas can be represented through symbols such as words or gestures
69
Kübler-Ross model for facing end of life
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance For these stages, you can remember the acronym Death Always Brings Definite Acceptance. The stages are sequenced in the following order: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.
70
primary aging
Primary aging describes the aging of biological factors and the physical body
71
secondary aging
Aging that relates to behavioral factors like diet and exercise
72
what is beneficial about a within subject study design
each person acts as his or her own controls which eliminates other factors that could influence data.
73
Cognitive appraisal theory
pertains to stress: is the thing actually a threat and what resources do I have to combat it.
74
who created general adaptation syndrome?
hans seyle
75
house money effect
when individuals experience a gain, they are more likely to take a risk because they perceived the gain as not their own.
76
the gambler's fallacy
If something happens more frequently than normal during some period, it will happy less frequently in the future. Actually not true. Actually just the same odds.
77
the prisoner's dilemma
two individuals might not cooperate even though it is in their best interest to do so. Ex: Bill and Al confessing example.
78
nominal level of measurement
categories
79
different levels of measurement
o Nominal: categories o Ordinal: rankings o Interval: categories and orders but also makes statement about distance o Ratio: observations have equal intervals and can have 0.
80
when an individual assimilates, how does he treat his native culture?
rejects it
81
separation vs. assimilation
separation is rejecting the new culture and maintaining the old culture
82
Relative deprivation theory
posits that individuals who perceive themselves as having less resources than others will often act in ways to obtain these resources.
83
is the id, ego, and superego part of the unconscious, preconscious or conscious?
all 3 are unconscious | id is the only one that is completely unconscious
84
protectionism
Protectionism refers to a country rejecting trade with others and being isolative, which is inversely proportional to globalization

Exams (8 decks)

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