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Wset d3 > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

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1
Q

In gerneral, what climate does New Zealand have?

A

Maritime, plentiful rain with long sunshine hours and sea breezes.

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2
Q

New Zealand is divided into two main islands, what are they called?

A

North Island
South Island

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3
Q

What is the climate for most of the South Island of New Zealand?

A

Cool maritime

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4
Q

Which of New Zealand’s two Islands is warmer?

A

North Island

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5
Q

What climatic conditions allow New Zealand’s wines to reach full sugar and flavour ripeness with high acidity levels?

A

Long sunshine hours
Long ripening season
Nights cooled by sea breezes

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6
Q

New Zealand vineyards have plentiful rain and are usually planted on fertile flat valleys. How does the vine respond to this?

A

Excessive shoot and leaf growth.

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7
Q

Why do New Zealand’s vineyards typically not get water logged from the plentiful rain?

A

Soils tend to be free draining.

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8
Q

The plentiful rain and fertile soils in New Zealand means high vigour vines. How do New Zealand viticulturists overcome this?

A

Expertise in trellising and other canopy management techniques.

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9
Q

What initiative in New Zealand is helping to reduce the environmental impact of its wine production?

A

Sustainable Winegrowing New Zealand

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10
Q

What is New Zealand’s flagship grape variety?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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11
Q

The North and South Islands of New Zealand both produce Sauvignon Blanc. From the descriptions below which one is for the North Island and which is for the South Island?

High Acidity, intense elderflower, passion fruit, green bell pepper & gooseberry
High acidity, intense elderflower, passion fruit & tropical fruit

A

South Island:
High Acidity, intense elderflower, passion fruit, green bell pepper & gooseberry
North Island:
High acidity, intense elderflower, passion fruit & tropical fruit

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12
Q

What type of fermentation vessel and fermentation temperatures are most frequently used in producing New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Inert vessels Stainless steel common
Cool fermentation temperatures to preserve fruit aromas

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13
Q

Which grape variety makes this style of white wine from New Zealand?

Concentrated citrus and tropical fruits, with hints of toast and sweet spice from new French oak?

A

Chardonnay

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14
Q

Why are New Zealand aromatic wines so intense?

A

Dry autumns and cool night temperatures ensure aromatic grape varieties have plenty of time to develop before harvest.

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15
Q

What is New Zealand’s second most planted grape variety and number one black grape variety?

A

Pinot Noir

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16
Q

While distinct regional styles exist in New Zealand, which black grape variety grown in New Zealand does this describe?

High levels of alcohol, fine ripe tannins, soft texture & vibrant fruit

A

Pinot Noir

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17
Q

What is New Zealand second most planted black grape variety?

A

Merlot

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18
Q

What is often blended with Merlot to add tannins and blackcurrant (cassis) to make a Bordeaux style?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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19
Q

Syrah from New Zealand is often similar to which of these: Australia or the Rhône?

A

The Rhône

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20
Q

In New Zealand, on which Island are much of the red wines made from Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

The warmer North Island.

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21
Q

Where is Gisborne located in New Zealand?

A

East coast of the North Island, to the north of Hawkes Bay.

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22
Q

What can be said about Gisborne’s rainfall and sunshine?

A

High rainfall, high sunshine hours.

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23
Q

Which grape variety from Gisborne makes up over half the plantings and produces wines with ripe tropical flavours?

A

Chardonnay

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24
Q

Summarise Gisborne’s climate, key grapes and styles.

A

Gisborne
(Moderate) maritime
High rainfall, high sunshine hours
Chardonnay tropical fruit flavours

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25
Q

Where is Hawke’s Bay located in New Zealand?

A

East coast of the North Island, to the south of Gisborne.

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26
Q

What can be said about Hawkes Bay’s compared to other parts of New Zealand and sunshine hours?

A

Longest sunshine hours in New Zealand
Warmest main growing region

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27
Q

What are the main black grape varieties grown in Hawke’s Bay?

A

Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Shiraz

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28
Q

Hawke’s Bay has a reputation for Bordeaux blends from which two grape varieties?

A

Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon

29
Q

How does the gravel from the Hawke’s Bay sub-region of Gimblett Gravels improve the quality of the grapes/wine?

A

Gravel:
Well drained
Heat absorbing, aiding ripeness

30
Q

Summarise Hawke’s Bay’s climate, key grapes and styles.

A

Hawke’s Bay
(Moderate) maritime
Warmest main growing region
Longest sunshine hours in New Zealand
Bordeaux blends
Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah
Gimblett Gravels
Well drained with warming gravel.

31
Q

Where is Martinborough located in New Zealand?

A

Located in Wairarapa at the southern end of New Zealand’s North Island.

32
Q

Which grape variety has Martinborough built a global reputation upon?

A

Pinot Noir

33
Q

Martinborough has high summer temperatures, but what helps it produce high quality Pinot Noir?

A

High diurnals Holds on to acidity

34
Q

Which grape variety from Martinborough, at the southern end of the North Island, produces wines described below?

Medium to full bodied with ripe dark plum and spice aromas.

A

Pinot Noir

35
Q

Summarise Martinborough’s climate, sub-regions, key grapes and styles.

A

Martinborough
Cool maritime (same as Wairau Valley)
High diurnals
Pinot Noir Medium to full bodied ripe, dark plum and spice

36
Q

Which region is the major centre for grape growing in New Zealand?

A

Marlborough

37
Q

Where is Marlborough located?

A

Northern end of the South Island of New Zealand, to the east of Nelson.

38
Q

Which grape variety makes up the majority of plantings in New Zealand’s Marlborough region?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

39
Q

Which other region has a climate similar to Marlborough’s Wairau Valley, with long days and high diurnals?

A

Martinborough

40
Q

The southern part of Marlborough’s Wairau Valley is different from the main valley. How?

A

Hilly, with aspect and altitude variation.

41
Q

How does Marlborough’s southern Awatere Valley climate differ to the Wairau Valley?

A

Awatere is:
Drier
Cooler
More windy

42
Q

New Zealand’s Marlborough region has two distinct valleys, Wairau and Awatere. Match the valley to the two descriptions of Sauvignon Blanc below.
Tropical fruit character
Higher acidity, pronounced herbaceous character

A

Wairau:
Tropical fruit character
Awatere:
Higher acidity, pronounced herbaceous character

43
Q

Marlborough grows both Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. They are often blended togethe to create what type of wine?

A

Sparkling wine

44
Q

Which grape variety from Marlborough creates wines that are medium bodied, fine tannins with cherry and cranberry aromas?

A

Pinot Noir

45
Q

Summarise Marlborough’s climate, sub-regions, key grapes and styles.

A

Marlborough
Cool maritime
Sparkling wine
Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Riesling
Pinot Noir medium bodied, fine tannins with cherry and cranberry aroma

Wairau Valley
Northern flat valley with southern hills giving aspect & altitude
Sauvignon Blanc tropical fruit

Awatere Valley
Drier, cooler, windier

South of Wairau
Sauvignon Blanc higher acidity, pronounced herbaceous

46
Q

Where is Nelson located?

A

Top of the South Island of New Zealand, west of Marlborough’s Wairau Valley.

47
Q

Which two white grape varieties and one black variety form the dominant plantings in New Zealand’s Nelson?

A

White:
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Gris
Red:
Pinot Noir

48
Q

What is Nelson’s climate and how does it compare to neighbouring Marlborough?

A

Cool maritime
Cooler & wetter than Marlborough.

49
Q

Summarise Nelson’s climate & key grape varieties.

A

Nelson
Cool maritime, cooler & wetter than Marlborough
Pinot Noir
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris

50
Q

Where is Canterbury located in New Zealand?

A

The east coast of the South Island near the middle of the Island.

51
Q

Which of these two sub-regions in Canterbury is the largest?
Waipara Valley
Canterbury Plain

A

Waipara Valley

52
Q

Match the climatic influence to the correct sub-regions of
Waipara Valley
Canterbury Plains
Cooling influence from the Pacific ocean, slightly warmed by winds
Warming wind, ocean breezes blocked by hills

A

Waipara
Warming wind, ocean breezes blocked by hills
Canterbury Plains
Cooling influence from the Pacific ocean, slightly warmed by winds

53
Q

Summarise Canterbury’s climate & key grape varieties.

A

Canterbury
Cool maritime
Pinot Noir
Sauvignon Blanc
Waipara Valley
Warming winds, hills block ocean breeze
Riesling
Canterbury Plain
Cooling influence from ocean & slight warming winds

54
Q

Where in New Zealand is Central Otago located?

A

Inland in the foothills of the Southern Alps, in the lower half of the South Island of New Zealand.

55
Q

What is the climate in Central Otago?

A

Cool continental, intense sunshine, large diurnals.

56
Q

What is a major risk in Central Otago during spring & autumn?

A

Frost

57
Q

What grape variety accounts for the majority of plantings in Central Otago?

A

Pinot Noir

58
Q

Which Central Otago grape variety does the wine description below refer to?

Full bodied, high alcohol, juicy, vibrant concentrated red fruit.

A

Pinot Noir

59
Q

Summarise Central Otago’s climate, sub-regions, key grape varieties and styles.

A

Central Otago
Cool continental
frost risk, intense sunshine, large diurnals,
Pinot Noir Full bodied, high alcohol, juicy, vibrant concentrated red fruit
Pinot Gris, Riesling

60
Q

Summarise North Island New Zealand’s climate, sub-regions, key grape varieties and styles.

A

Gisborne
(Moderate) maritime
High rainfall, high sunshine hours
Chardonnay tropical fruit flavours

Hawke’s Bay
(Moderate) maritime
Warmest main growing region
Longest Sunshine hours in New Zealand
Bordeaux blends
Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah
Gimblett Gravels
Well drained with warming gravel.

Martinborough
Cool maritime (same as Wairau Valley)
High diurnals
Pinot Noir Medium to full bodied ripe, dark plum and spice

61
Q

Summarise South Island New Zealand’s climate, sub-regions, key grape varieties and styles.

A

Marlborough
Cool maritime
Sparkling wine
Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Riesling
Pinot Noir medium bodied, fine tannins with cherry and cranberry aroma
Wairau Valley: Northern flat valley with southern hills giving aspect & altitude
Sauvignon Blanc tropical fruit
Awatere Valley: Drier, cooler, windier
South of Wairau: Sauvignon Blanc higher acidity, pronounced herbaceous

Nelson

Cool maritime, cooler & wetter than Marlborough
Pinot Noir
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris

Canterbury
Cool maritime
Pinot Noir
Sauvignon Blanc
Waipara Valley
Warming winds, hills block ocean breeze
Riesling
Canterbury Plain: Cooling influence from ocean & slight warming winds

Central Otago

Cool continental
frost risk, intense sunshine, large diurnals,
Pinot Noir Full bodied, high alcohol, juicy, vibrant concentrated red fruit
Pinot Gris, Riesling

62
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Marlborough

63
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Canterbury

64
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Nelson

65
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Central Otago

66
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Martinborough

67
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Hawkes Bay

68
Q

What is the name of the region that is highlighted?

A

Gisborne

Wset d3 (29 decks)

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