Burgundy Flashcards
What is the climate of Chablis?
Cool continental
What is the climate for Burgundy, excluding Chablis?
Moderate continental
What are the three main climate-related risks for Burgundy?
- Rain during flowering (poor fruit set) and harvest (grey rot).
- Spring frosts.
- Localised summer hail storms.
What are the typical locations of vineyards for basic village level Burgundy and why?
On flat sites or at the bottom of slopes.
They have a much higher frost risk.
Deeper and more fertile soils.
Where are Grand Cru and Premier Cru Burgundy vineyards located and why?
Mid slope.
South or east aspect.
South-facing sun.
Giving protection from predominantly westerly winds.
Soils shallower and less fertile.
Better drainage.
Where in Bugundy are the most important Pinot Noir vineyards located?
Côte d’Or
Describe a typical quality Pinot Noir from Côte d’Or.
Red fruit flavours in youth, developing into game & mushroom.
High acidity with low to medium tannins.
Describe two winemaking techniques that are common when making quality Pinot Noir from Côte d’Or.
Whole bunches during fermentation.
Up to 18 months in barrel with the better wines a large proportion of new oak.
Describe four winemaking techniques often used to produce quality white Burgundy in Côte d’Or.
- Barrel fermentation
- Barrel maturation (6-9 months)
- MLC
- Lees contact during maturation
What are the names for the white and red appellations that can come from anywhere in Burgundy?
Bourgogne Rouge
Bourgogne Blanc
Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuits, Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Beaune, Bourgogne Côte d’Or, Bourgogne Côte Chalonnaise, Mâcon & Mâcon Villages are all what type of appellation?
Regional appellation from Burgundy.
Can the name of the vineyard appear on a Burgundian wine label if it is not a Premier or Grand Cru?
Yes, provided all of the grapes come from the named vineyard.
What is another name for a Burgundian commune?
Village
If a wine label has the name of the vineyard and village and says Premier Cru what can be said about the wine?
All the grapes must have come from the named Premier Cru vineyard
If a wine label has the name of the village and says Premier Cru but has no vineyard name, what can be said about the wine?
It is a blend of multiple Premier Cru vineyards from the named village.
Does a Burgundian Grand Cru wine have to have the name of the village it comes from on the label?
No, only the name of the vineyard and the term Grand Cru need to be stated
Put the following Burgundian appellations in the correct order of hierarchy from highest to lowest.
Grand Cru
Bourgogne Rouge
Premier Cru
Chablis
Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuits.
Grand Cru
Premier Cru
Chablis
Bourgogne Hautes Côtes de Nuits
Bourgogne Rouge
What is a recognised problem with ageing Chardonnays from Burgundy?
Premature oxidation.
What is the major climatic problem in Chablis and how is it managed in the vineyard?
Frost
Sprinklers
Heaters
What is the only grape variety permitted in Chablis?
Chardonnay
Compare the aspect, flavours and winemaking of basic village level Chablis vs Premier Cru and Grand Cru
Basic Village Chablis:
Flat or north-facing slopes
Green apple
No oak
Grand Cru or Premier Cru:
South-facing hillside slopes
More concentrated citrus flavours
Some producers ferment or age in oak.
In Burgundy’s Côte d’Or the most favourable slopes are formed by the Massif Central. What aspect do they have?
East & South East
Côte d’Or is split into two areas. What are they and which produces the best Chardonnay, which the fullest Pinot Noir?
Côte de Nuits
Fullest Pinot Noir
All but one Grand Cru reds
Côte de Beaune
Best Chardonnay
FYI: Fruitier reds
All but one Grand Cru whites
What are the villages / communes of Côte de Nuits?
From North to South
Gevrey-Chambertin
Vougeot
Vosne-Romanée
Nuits-Saint-Georges
What are the villages / communes of Côte de Beaune?
From North to South
Aloxe-Corton
Beaune
Pommard
Volnay
Meursault
Puligny-Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet
Côte de Nuits-Villages wines come from where in the Côte de Nuits?
Wines can come from multiple villages in the Cote de Nuits that do not qualify for one of the more famous village appellations.
Côte de Beaune-Villages wines come from where in the Côte de Beaune?
Any combination of vineyards from the villages of the Côte de Beaune.
What three things can be said about the location and style of the wines from the regional appellations Bourgogne Hautes Côte de Nuits AOP and Bourgogne Hautes Côte de Beaune AOP?
They are both to the west of their respective main vineyards on the Côte d’Or
They are both at altitude and more exposed to cooling winds.
The wines tend to have less body and concentration.
What are the two key grape varieties in Côte Chalonnaise?
Pinot noir
Chardonnay
Why are the wines of Côte Chalonnaise less reliable, lighter and earlier to mature?
The vineyards are at higher (cooler) altitudes and their aspect is less consistently towards the east.
Are there any Grand Cru vineyards in the village appellations of Côte Chalonnaise (Rully, Mercurey, Givry and Montagny)?
No
Which grape varieties are used to make the regional appellation Bourgogne Côte Chalonnaise?
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
What is the key white and, to a much lesser extent, red grape variety grown in Mâcon?
Chardonnay
Gamay
What colour are the wines of Mâcon AOP?
It can be white or red.
Chardonnay is the most common.
For each of the following appellations,
Mâcon AOP
Mâcon Villages AOP
Pouilly-Fuissé AOC or Saint-Véran AOC
Match them to the correct description
Ripe tropical & stone fruits with toasty oak.
Apple or citrus fruit with medium acidity and medium to full body.
As above but with more ripeness and more body.
Mâcon AOP
Apple or citrus fruit with medium acidity and medium to full body
Mâcon Villages AOP
As above but with more ripeness and more body
Pouilly-Fuissé AOC or Saint-Véran AOC
Ripe tropical & stone fruits with toasty oak
The grapes used in a wine labelled as Mâcon Villages AOP must come from where?
Any combination of villages from the Mâcon region.
A wine from Mâcon that comes exclusively from a village that does not have its own appellation will be labelled as?
Mâcon - (name of the village) AOP.
Pouilly-Fuissé AOC and Saint-Véran AOC are both examples of what type of appellation?
Village appellation.
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Chablis
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Cote d’Or
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Cote châlonnais
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Mâconnais
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Beaujolais
What is the name of the region that has these within?
Cote d’Or
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Hautes cote de nuits
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Cotes de nuits
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Hautes Cote de Beaune
What is the name of the region that is highlighted?
Cote de Beune
