NEW DEAL LABOUR Flashcards
How did the CIO form?
In New Deal American Federation of Labour excluded unskilled workers so in 1935 John Lewis formed the Committee of Industrial Organisation, remade as the Congress of Industrial Organisations in 1937. Gained 3.7 million members and welcomed women and African Americans. Use of sit in strikes gained recognition by car manufacturer companies in 1937.
What 1937 strike encouraged recognition by General Motors of UAW?
Walter Reuther led sit-in strike at General Motors factory, Flint, Michigan, in 1937. A Woman’s Auxilary fed the strikers and Roosevelt didn’t encourage strike action but didn’t intervene. Company officials tried to call in police and threatened to fire workers. On 11 February 1937 General Motors recognised UAW.
What companies recognised unions during the New Deal?
General Motors and Chrysler recognised the Union of Auto Workers by 1937 and they could boast 400,000 members. US Steel recognised Steel Workers Organising Committee in 1937 and gave 10% wage rises and 10% wage rise.
What adversity did minority ethnic groups face?
Employers discriminated against African Americans, Mexicans, and Native Americans during New Deal when they migrated from industrial areas to the cities in search of work.
What was NIRA?
16 June 1933 – National Industry Recovery Act passed by National Recovery Administration setting codes on hours, pay, allowing union membership/collective bargaining. 1934 557 codes, companies gained blue eagle. Henry Ford refused to sign and employers benefited more. Unconstitutional by 1935.
What was the Wagner Act?
1935 – National Labour Relations Act. Roosevelt nervous to empower labour. Robert Wagner wanted to reduce disputes with collective bargaining and end strike devastation. Gave workers right to join trade unions, allowed closed shops, banned blacklisting and spies, and set National Labour Relations Board to bargain for workers and ban company unions. Union membership 1933 – 3.7 mil, 1938 – 9 mil.
What was the Fair Labor Standards Act?
1938 Fair Labour Standards Act gave $25 minimum weekly age and payment of 1.5 times standard rate over 40 hours.
What act did Roosevelt pass in 1941?
President Roosevelt passed Fair Employment Practises Commission in 1941 to eliminate racial and ethnic discrimination.
What were limits to the New Deal?
Fair Labour Standards and NIRA confirmed pay differentials between men and women. Women inspired to join unions. States undermined federal government effort and black women suffered most.
