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Pharmacology > New Autonomic > Flashcards

New Autonomic Flashcards

1
Q

Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic

Preganglionic neurons

Postganglionic neurons

A
  • Sympathetic
    • Pre- short
    • Post- long
  • Parasympathetic
    • Pre-long
    • Post- short
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2
Q

Sympa and Para Neurotransmitters and receptors

A
  • Sympathetic
    • Postganglionic neuron release
      • NE
    • Target tissue has
      • Adrenergic receptor
  • Parasympathetic
    • Postganglionic neuron
      • ACh
    • Target tissue
      • Muscarinic receptor
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3
Q

Nuromuscular Blocking Drugs

Used W/

2 ex of drugs for skeletal muscle

A
  • Used w/ anesthesia during surgery as a paralyzing agent
  • 2 types for skeletal muscle
    • Succinylcholine
      • Depolarizing NMJ Blockers
    • Curare-like
      • Nondepolarizng competetive blockers
      • Look for CURare in name
      • (PanCURonium, D-tubocurarine)
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4
Q

Dantrolene

MoA 2

Used for

A
  • Relaxes skeletal muscle w/o acting on NMJ
  • Blocks Ca release from ER
  • Used for prophylaxis from malignant hyperthemia
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5
Q

Botox

Type of drug

MoA

A
  • Neuromuscular blocking drug
  • Blocks release of synaptic vesicles (ACh)
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6
Q

Nicotinic AChR Agonist

2 drugs

A
  • Nicotine
  • Varenicline
    • Partial agonist at neuronal nAChR w/ higher affinity than nicotine
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7
Q

Muscarinic ACh Receptors

What type of receptor

Found

subtypes

Blocked by

A
  • GPCR
  • Found mainly at postganglionic parasympathetic synapses
    • Heart, smooth muscle, glands
  • Several diff subtypes
    • M1-M5
  • All blocked by atropine
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8
Q

Muscarinic ACh Receptor Antagonists

4 ex and what it tx

A
  • Ipratropium (Atrovent)
    • Dilate bronchial smooth muscle
  • Scopolamine
    • Motion sickness
  • Tolterodine (Detrol)
    • Overactive bladder
  • Tropicamide
    • Dilate pupils (smooth muscle antagonist)
    • Called mydriasis(dilation of pupil)
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9
Q

Muscarinic ACh Receptor Agonist

Drug

Action

Tx

A
  • Pilocarpine
  • Constrict pupils
  • Opens canal of schlemm- to reduce intraocular pressure
  • Glaucoma
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10
Q

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Short acting

1

A
  • Edrophonium
    • Tx myasthenia gravis
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11
Q

Acetylcholinesterase Inibitors

Medium acting

4 and what they tx

A
  • Neostigmine
    • Myasthenia gravis
  • Physostigmine
    • Glaucoma
  • Donepezil
    • Alzheimers
  • Tacrine
    • Alzheimers
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12
Q

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Long acting/Irresversible

2

A
  • Organophosphate
  • Nervegas
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13
Q

ADrenergic Receptors

families

respond to

A
  • Alpha and Beta families
  • Respond to Epi and NE
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14
Q

Alpha Adrenergic R main effects

alpha 1 and 2

A
  • Alpha 1
    • Systemic vasoconstriction
    • Relaxation of GI smooth muscle
    • Salivary secretion
    • Inc hepatic glycogenolysis
  • Alpha 2
    • Inhibition of transmitter release
    • Inhibition of insulin release
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15
Q

Main effects of Beta Adrenergic R

Beta 1, 2, 3

A
  • Beta 1
    • Inc heart rate and contractile force
  • Beta 2
    • Bronchodilation
    • Vasodilation
    • Relaxation of visceral smooth muscle
  • Beta 3
    • Lipolysis
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16
Q

Adrenergic Receptor Agonists

5 ex

what receptor

action

A
  • Epinephrine and Dobutamine
    • Cardio system
    • Beta1 agonist
    • Revives heart
  • Phenylephrine
    • Nasal vasoconstriction
    • Alpha 1 agonist
  • Epinephrine
    • Resp system, epi-pen
  • Albuterol, Terbutaline, Slametrol
    • Beta 2 agonists
    • for asthma
  • Clonidine
    • alpha 2 agonist
    • dec BP
    • Acts on central receptors in CVCC to dec sympathetic output to heart
17
Q

Alpha Adrenergic R Antagonists

2 selective for what and tx

A
  • Doxazosin
    • alpha 1 antagonist
    • Tx HTN
  • Tamsulosin
    • A1a selective antagonist
    • relax smooth muscle and aid micturition
    • Benign prostatic hypertrophy
18
Q

Beta Adrenerfic receptor antagonists

A
  • Tx, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, dysrhythmias, heart failure, HTN
  • Propanolol, Pindolol, Nadolol, Acebutolol

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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