Analgesics Flashcards
1
Q
Anti-inflammatory
3 main classes
Analgesic Drugs
3
A
- Anti-inflammatory
- Cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors
- Antirheumatoid drugs
- Anticytokine and other biological agents
- Analgesics
- Above list and opoids and local anesthetics
2
Q
Unwanted effects of COX inhibition
4
A
- GI disturbances
- COX-1 imp in producing prostaglandins for mucous and acid secretion
- Inhibition leads to dyspepsia, nausea ulcers
- Skin rxns
- Adverse renal effects
- Cardiovascular
- inc risk of stroke and MI
3
Q
Cyclo-oxygenase Inhibitor Drugs
9
A
- Aspirin
- Diflunisal
- Indomethacin
- Sulindac
- Tolmetin
- Ibuprofen
- Naproxen
- Acetaminophen
- Celecoxib
4
Q
Aspirin
A
- Used as platelet inhibitor
- Given post-MI and post-TIA to reduce thrombotic risk
- Used with other anti-coagulants (inc risk of bleeding)
- Permanent inhibition
- DOnt give to kids with viral bc of Ryes syndrome
5
Q
Diflunisal
A
- More potent COX inhibitor than aspirin
- Doesnt cross BBB, no antipyretic effect
6
Q
Ibuprofen
A
- More potent than aspirin and acetaminophen
- Fewer GI effects
- High or prolonged doses show kidney toxicity
- Not recommended during pregnancy
- Acetaminophen instead
7
Q
Acetaminophen
A
- Good for kids in dental pain and prego women
- weak anti-inflammatory effects
- High doses–> Liver toxicity
8
Q
Celecoxib
A
- COX-2 inhibitor
- Fewer Gi side effects
- Was used for chronic pain (rehumatoid arthritis)
- COX-2 inhibitors associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction
9
Q
Antirheumatoid Drugs: Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
3 ex (1 with MoA)
A
- Inhibit erosion of cartilage and bone
- Slow onset, months
- Methotrexate
- Folate antagonist (inhibits cell division–> immunosupressant)
- Penicillamine
- Gold compounds
- other compounds UK MoA
10
Q
Immunosuppressant Drugs
Tx 3
3 main grps
A
- Tx
- autoimmune diseases, organ transplant, inflammation is problematic
- 3 groups
- IL-2 inhibitors
- Cytokine inhibitors
- Purine/Pyridamine synthesis inhibitors
11
Q
Cyclosporin
class
action
used in
A
- Immunosupressive: IL-2 inhibitor
- Decreases proliferation of T cells
- Inhibits transplant rejection
12
Q
Cortisol (glucocorticoids)
Class
Acts
other effect
A
- Immunosuppressive: Cytokine inhibitor (including IL-2)
- Decreases immune activation by inhibiting cytokine
- Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive
13
Q
Biopharmaceutical anti-cytokine drugs
Action
good for
4 ex and what they block
A
- Block specific steps in cytokine paths
- Include recombinant antibodies and proteins
- Effective for chronic inflammation and leukemias
- Infliximab
- Adalinumab (TNF-alpha Ab)
- Anakinra (blocks IL-1 receptor)
- Abatacept (cytotoxic T cell AB)
14
Q
Azathioprine
class
tx
side effects
A
- Immunosupp: Purine synthesis inhibitor
- tx auto-immune diseases
- Side effects: bone marrow suppression, nausea, vomiting
15
Q
Drugs for gout
5 and acute or prophylaxis
A
- NSAIDs
- Acute pain
- Glucocorticoids
- acute anti-inflammatory
- Colchicine:
- acute tx
- Allopurinol:
- Prophylaxis
- Probenecid
- Prophylaxis
