new and emerging health procedures and technologies

Question 2

advances in medicine

Answer 2

• ivf
• nanotechnology
• robotics and AI
• 3D printing of body parts
• stem cell use

Question 3

issues associated with advances in medical technology

Answer 3

• ethics
• privacy
• equity
• invasiveness
• freedom of choice

Question 4

ethics

Answer 4

• moral principles
• what people believe is right or wrong

Question 5

privacy

Answer 5

• associated with patient details being kept private between a patient and their doctor

Question 6

equity

Answer 6

• whether the procedures are avaliable to all
• based on factors such as cost, sexuality and ses
• all people are able to achieve the same outcome

Question 7

invasiveness

Answer 7

• new technologies may reduce to impact of a particular procedure
• eg making incision sites smaller or recovery time shorter

Question 8

freedom of choice

Answer 8

• means people have the right to do what they want when they want as long as it doesn’t infringe on others rights

Question 9

ivf benefits

Answer 9

equity
- allows heterosexual couples who have had trouble conceiving to have children
- allows same sex couples to have children
- allows single or older women to have children
freedom of choice
- parents can create a designer baby - pick sex and some characteristics of the baby

Question 10

ivf challenges

Answer 10

ethical
- is it right to play god and create life artificially
- what happens to the unused embryos
- should older women or single women be allowed to have babies
equity
- very costly so not open to everyone
freedom of choice
- is it right to design a baby to be used to provide body parts (eg bone marrow, stem cells) to a terminally ill sibling

Question 11

nanotechnolgy benefits

Answer 11

invasiveness
- reduced for many procedures as many medical concerns can be diagnosed with simple tests
- some procedures can be performed with small incisions
equity
- vaccinations and medications can be delivered more effectively which increases access for all

Question 12

nanotechnology challenges

Answer 12

• think this is taking medicine too far and modifying important procedures may decrease their effectiveness

Question 13

robotics and AI benefits

Answer 13

• computers may be able to diagnose health conditions quicker
• gives doctors time to do other work
• may be more accurate that doctors in diagnosis
  equity
• may reduce the costs of healthcare (you don’t have to pay a robot for its work)
  invasiveness
• can perform less invasive surgeries with cameras etc.

Question 14

robotics and AI challenges

Answer 14

• technology is still not 100% certain in diagnosis
  equity
• the technology is very expensive and may not be available in rural areas
  privacy
• feeding information into a computer could mean it is more likely to be hacked

Question 15

3d printing of body parts benefits

Answer 15

• more precise than other reconstructive techniques
  invasiveness
• less invasive
  ethical and privacy
• reduces the need for donor body parts
  equity
• may allow more people to access as there is no need to wait for a donor

Question 16

3d printing of body parts challenges

Answer 16

equity
- very expensive so not everyone can access
- often less available to people in rural and remote areas

Question 17

stem cells benefits

Answer 17

• can allow many illnesses and diseases to be treated more effectively as it allows the body to regenerate damaged cells
• lifesaving
• less invasive
  ethical and privacy
• reduces the need for donor parts
  equity
• more accessible as they come from the own person

Question 18

stem cells challanges

Answer 18

ethical
- involves the use of unused embryos which can be seen as destroying a human life
equity
- extremely expensive and not available in rural areas

Question 19

analysing the issues of a procedure

Answer 19

• usually 2-4 marks
• benefits of the procedure
• challenges of the procedure
• conclusion